背景
实际项目中遇到针对不同类型的消息，发送消息到不同的队列，而且队列可能还不存在，需要动态创建，于是写了如下代码，实践发现没啥问题，这里分享下。
环境
springboot 3.2
JDK 17
rabbitMQ模型介绍
图片来自参考链接表中的一篇介绍
注意，下面例子用到的是Direct模型
依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
配置
spring.rabbitmq.host=xxx
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=xxx
spring.rabbitmq.password=xxx
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
#开启发布确认回调
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirm-type=correlated
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.retry.enabled=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.retry.max-attempts=3
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.retry.initial-interval=10000ms
关键代码
@Resource
private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
//这里指定一个exchange，之后会根据routeKey动态绑定不同的队列
@Value("${rabbitmq.msgExchangeName:MsgExchange}")
private String registerExchangeName;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
}
@Test
void testMQ(){
try (Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel(false)) {
String msgType = "bus_error";
// Declare an exchange
String exchangeName = registerExchangeName;
channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT, true);
// Generate a unique queue name
String queueName = "msg_" + msgType;
channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
// Define the routing key
channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, msgType);
// Send a message to the exchange
String message = "Hello, RabbitMQ!";
channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, msgType, null, message.getBytes());
} catch (IOException | TimeoutException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
至于监听队列，消费，就没啥好写的了，百度一大堆。
