伪分布Hadoop下安装Hive

一、下载并安装Mysql

（1）下载mysql安装包（mysql-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar）

        下载官网：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

（2）上传mysql安装包并解压至/usr/local/

tar -xvf /opt/mysql-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /usr/local

（3）进入/usr/local/，使用rpm安装mysql解压后的其中5个包（按照以下顺序安装）

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

（4）启动/关闭Mysql服务器

#启动mysql服务
systemctl start mysqld
#查看mysql服务状态
systemctl status mysqld
#关闭mysql服务
systemctl stop mysqld
#重启mysql服务
service mysqld restart

二、查看Mysql的原始密码并登录进入mysql

（1）查看原始密码

[root@hadoop ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
2024-04-20T16:41:01.790879Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9m/O;xQbsfTk

 （2）使用原始密码登录

[root@hadoop ~]# mysql -uroot -p'9m/O;xQbsfTk'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.26

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

（3）修改密码为Admin@123456

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin@123456';
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

三、下载并安装Hive

Hive下载官网：Index of /dist/hive (apache.org)https://archive.apache.org/dist/hive/

MySQL Connector下载地址：

MySQL :: Download MySQL Connector/J (Archived Versions)https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/c-j/

（1）上传hive安装包到/opt目录，解压至/usr/local/

cd /opt
tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

（2）添加环境变量

#打开系统环境变量配置文件
vim /etc/profile
#刷新一下配置文件
source /etc/profile

（3）解决日志Jar包冲突 

Hive由日志slf4j配置，但是我们yarn也有，两者会冲突。将hive安装目录下的lib目录的日志文件名修改。

cd /usr/local/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/lib
mv log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar.bak

四、将Hive元数据配置到MySQL

（1）将MySQL的JDBC驱动拷贝到Hive的lib目录下

MySQL Connector下载地址：

MySQL :: Download MySQL Connector/J (Archived Versions)https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/c-j/

 （2）配置hive-site.xml

进入hive安装目录下的conf目录：cd /usr/local/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/conf

在hive/conf目录下新建hive-site.xml文件：vim hive-site.xml 

<configuration>
   <property>
<!--Mysql的连接协议-->
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
        <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/metastore?useSSL=true</value>
    </property>
 
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
    </property>
    <property>
<!--mysql  数据库账号-->
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
        <value>root</value>
    </property>
 
    <property>
<!--mysql  数据库密码-->
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
        <value>Admin@123456</value>
    </property>
 
    <property>
<!-- Hive 存储路径（hdfs路径）-->
        <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
        <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
    </property>
 
    <property>
<!-- Hive 元数据存储版本的验证 -->
        <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
 
    <property>
<!-- Hive jdbc连接端口：10000 -->
    <name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>
    <value>10000</value>
    </property>
<!-- Hive 连接的主机 -->
    <property>
        <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
        <value>localhost</value>
    </property>
<!--元数据存储授权-->
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
    <!-- 后两个是配置hive提示显示当前数据库名 -->
    <property>
        <name>hive.cli.print.header</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
 
    <property>
        <name>hive.cli.print.current.db</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
<!-- 将hive可以设置成本地模式来执行任务，不然会namenode内存空间不够，jvm不够新job启动导致。 -->
    <property>  
      <name>hive.exec.mode.local.auto</name>  
      <value>true</value>  
    </property>
</configuration>

五、启动Hive

        启动Hive之前，一定要先启动Hadoop集群。

（1）初始化客户端(进入mysql，新建Hive元数据库)

[root@hadoop conf]# mysql -uroot -p'Admin@123456'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.26 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database metastore;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@hadoop conf]# 

（2）初始化Mysql服务器 

在启动Hive之前，需要执行schematool -dbType mysql initSchema

（3）启动hive

如果出现以下启动错误：

 解决方案：

查看该jar包在hadoop安装目录和hive的安装目录中的版本信息，将hadopp安装目录下的jar包替换hive安装目录下的jar包。

cd /usr/local/hadoop-3.1.4/share/hadoop/common/lib

cd /usr/local/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/lib 

启动hive成功的界面（一定要先启动Hadoop集群）：