oracle 19c RAC补丁升级

1.停止集群件备份家目录

----两节点分别操作
cd /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/bin/
crsctl stop crs

tar -zcvf /u01/app.tar.gz /u01/app

/u01/app/19.0.0/grid/bin/crsctl start crs

2.两节点 GI、DB OPatch 替换（都得执行）

----# 表示 root 用户，$ 表示 Oracle 用户提示符，(ASM1)$ 表示 grid 用户
# cd /u01/app/19.3.0/grid
# mv OPatch OPatch.bak20
# chown -R grid:oinstall /soft
# unzip p6880880_19c_19.20_Linux-x86-64.zip
# cp -r OPatch /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/
# chown grid:oinstall -R /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch
su - grid
cd /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch
./opatch version 
$ opatch version 
[grid@p19c01:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch]$ ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.39

OPatch succeeded.

DB：
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
$ mv OPatch/ OPatch_bak20
su root
chown -R oracle:oinstall /soft
cp -r /soft/OPatch ./
cd OPatch
./opatch version 

[oracle@p19c01:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/OPatch]$ ./opatch version
OPatch Version: 12.2.0.1.39

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@p19c01:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/OPatch]$

grid:

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oracle:

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3 收集补丁信息

所有库都要做：

grid:

su - root
chown grid:oinstall -R /soft
su - grid
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory > /soft/grid_patch.txt

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinv -detail -oh $ORACLE_HOME >> /soft/grid_patch.txt

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches >> /soft/grid_patch.txt

oracle：

su - root
chown oracle:oinstall -R /soft
chown oracle:oinstall -R /OPatch
su - oracle

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory > /soft/oracle_patch.txt
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinv -detail -oh $ORACLE_HOME >> /soft/oracle_patch.txt
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches >> /soft/oracle_patch.txt

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4 补丁冲突验证

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cd /soft
[root@rac2 soft]# unzip 19c_19.20_Linux-x86-64.zip
[root@rac2 soft]# chmod -R  777 35319490

我们可以下载readme文件查看

Grid:
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /soft/35319490/35320081
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /soft/35319490/35320149
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /soft/35319490/35332537
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /soft/35319490/35553096
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /soft/35319490/33575402

Oracle:
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /soft/35319490/35320081
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir /soft/35319490/35320149

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grid：

所有的补丁都得打外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传

oracle：外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传

5 补丁空间验证

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Grid用户查看
[root@rac1 ~]$ vi /soft/patch_list_gihome.txt 
[root@rac1 ~]# cat  /soft/patch_list_gihome.txt 
下面的内容是写到/soft/patch_list_gihome.txt 
/soft/35319490/35320081
/soft/35319490/35320149
/soft/35319490/35332537
/soft/35319490/35553096
/soft/35319490/33575402

chown grid:oinstall -R /soft/patch_list_gihome.txt
su - grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckSystemSpace -phBaseFile /soft/patch_list_gihome.txt

Oracle用户查看
su - root
vi /soft/patch_list_dbhome.txt
[oracle@rac1 oatch_rac]$ cat  /soft/patch_list_dbhome.txt
/soft/35319490/35320081
/soft/35319490/35320149
chown oracle:oinstall -R  /soft/patch_list_dbhome.txt
su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckSystemSpace -phBaseFile /soft/patch_list_dbhome.txt

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6 补丁预演

root:
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/OPatch/opatchauto apply  /soft/35319490  -oh /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db  -analyze

/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch/opatchauto  apply  /soft/35319490  -oh /u01/app/19.3.0/grid  -analyze

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7.组件及无效对象检查

su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
spool /soft/database_invalid.sql
set lines 200 pages 2000;
show parameter name;
col comp_id for a20;
col version for a20;
col status for a30;
select comp_id,version,status from dba_registry;
select owner,object_type,object_name from dba_objects where status<>'VALID';
spool off;

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8 补丁更打

滚动升级，打完一个节点的再打另一个节点，此操作主库须与业务确认

我的升级采用了两种方法，一种是grid和oracle分开打补丁，一种是一起打补丁

节点一采用的是分开打补丁，节点二采用的是一起打补丁

8.1 GI补丁更打

问题/dev/shm磁盘空间不足

ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
Cause: The MEMORY_TARGET parameter was not supported on this operating system or /dev/shm was not sized correctly on Linux.
Action: Refer to documentation for a list of supported operating systems. Or, size /dev/shm to be at least the SGA_MAX_SIZE on each Oracle instance running on the system.

解决方法
扩容/shm
 vim /etc/fstab
 tmpfs                                   /dev/shm              tmpfs      defaults,size=3G      0 0
 umount /dev/shm/
 mount /dev/shm/
 df -h

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首先检测集群的状态，保证集群是正常工作的
su - oracle
srvctl status database -d p19c0
如果没启动，记得启动一下实例
srvctl start instance -d p19c0 -i p19c01
srvctl start instance -d p19c0 -i p19c02
可以在grid中查看
su - grid
cd /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/bin
crsctl status res -t

接着我们按照readme的要求将OPatch的路径加入到.bash_profile中
su - root
vi .bash_profile
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch
source .bash_profile

补丁冲突检查
 ps -ef | grep sqlplus //如果有sqlplus连进去都需要杀掉，两个节点都检查
su - root
export PERL5LIB=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/perl/lib
cd /
opatchauto apply /soft/35319490 -analyze

给grid用户打补丁
 ps -ef | grep sqlplus
export PERL5LIB=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/perl/lib
opatchauto apply /soft/35319490

 ps -ef | grep sqlplus
export PERL5LIB=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/perl/lib
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /soft/35319490 -oh /u01/app/19.3.0/grid -analyze

 ps -ef | grep sqlplus
export PERL5LIB=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/perl/lib
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch/opatchauto apply /soft/35319490 -oh /u01/app/19.3.0/grid


给oracle用户打补丁
 ps -ef | grep sqlplus
export PERL5LIB=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/perl/lib
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/OPatch/opatchauto apply /soft/35319490 -oh /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db -analyze


 ps -ef | grep sqlplus
export PERL5LIB=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/perl/lib
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/OPatch/opatchauto apply /soft/35319490 -oh /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db

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补丁检查：

opatch lsinventory

回退补丁：

opatchauto rollback /soft/35319490

节点二打补丁

chown oracle:oinstall -R /soft/35319490 
首先检测集群的状态，保证集群是正常工作的
su - oracle
srvctl status database -d p19c0
如果没启动，记得启动一下实例
srvctl start instance -d p19c0 -i p19c01
srvctl start instance -d p19c0 -i p19c02
可以在grid仲查看
cd /u01/app/19.3.0/grid/bin
crsctl status res -t
接着我们按照readme的要求将OPatch的路径加入到.bash_profile中
su - root
vi .bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch
source .bash_profile
我们要将sqlplus进程都退出

补丁冲突检查
 ps -ef | grep sqlplus //如果有sqlplus连进去都需要杀掉，两个节点都检查
su - root
chmod 660 /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/oui-patch.xml
chown grid:oinstall -R /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/oui-patch.xml
su - root
cd /
export PERL5LIB=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/perl/lib
opatchauto apply /soft/35319490 -analyze
打补丁
 ps -ef | grep sqlplus
export PERL5LIB=/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/perl/lib

su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
./opatch lspatches

opatchauto rollback /soft/33182768 
opatchauto rollback  /soft/33182768 -oh /u01/app/19.3.0/grid

8.2节点一打完补丁之后进行补丁注册以及编译无效对象

将修改后的SQL文件加载到数据库中
下表是针对独立数据库运行Datapatch实用程序的步骤，在一个节点执行即可。
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup upgrade
quit

cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch 
./datapatch -verbose

 查看patch
set linesize 200;
col STATUS format a20;
col DESCRIPTION format a80;
select PATCH_ID,PATCH_TYPE,STATUS,DESCRIPTION from dba_registry_sqlpatch;

查看是否有存在失效对象：
col owner for a16
col object_name for a50 trunc
col object_type for a20 trunc
select owner,object_name,object_type from dba_objects where status != 'VALID';
--若有，执行命令清空：
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

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打完补丁之后检查

crsctl query crs releasepatch
crsctl query crs softwarepatch
kfod op=patches

9.打完补丁之后的操作

启动数据库
startup

将修改后的SQL文件加载到数据库中
下表是针对独立数据库运行Datapatch实用程序的步骤，在一个节点执行即可。
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup upgrade
quit

cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch 
./datapatch -verbose

 查看patch
set linesize 200;
col STATUS format a20;
col DESCRIPTION format a80;
select PATCH_ID,PATCH_TYPE,STATUS,DESCRIPTION from dba_registry_sqlpatch;

查看是否有存在失效对象：
col owner for a16
col object_name for a50 trunc
col object_type for a20 trunc
select owner,object_name,object_type from dba_objects where status != 'VALID';
--若有，执行命令清空：
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

10.补丁回退

节点一

su - root
chown oracle:oinstall -R /soft
chown oracle:oinstall -R /soft/35319490 
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch/opatchauto rollback /soft/35319490 -oh /u01/app/19.3.0/grid

chown oracle:oinstall -R /soft
chown oracle:oinstall -R /soft/35319490 
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/OPatch/opatchauto rollback /soft/35319490 -oh /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db

节点二

su - root
chown grid:oinstall -R /soft
chown grid:oinstall -R /soft/35319490 
/u01/app/19.3.0/grid/OPatch/opatchauto rollback /soft/35319490 -oh /u01/app/19.3.0/grid


chown oracle:oinstall -R /soft
chown oracle:oinstall -R /soft/35319490 
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/OPatch/opatchauto rollback /soft/35319490 -oh /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db

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回退之后检查

crsctl query crs releasepatch
crsctl query crs softwarepatch
kfod op=patches

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回退完成

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p/oracle/product/19.3.0/db


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回退之后检查

crsctl query crs releasepatch
crsctl query crs softwarepatch
kfod op=patches




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回退完成

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