1.RabbitMQ"延时队列"
延迟队列存储的对象是对应的延迟消息，所谓“延迟消息”是指当消息被发送以后，并不想让消费者立刻拿到消息，而是等待特定时间后，消费者才能拿到这个消息进行消费
注意RabbitMQ并没有延时队列慨念,其实是通过死信实现
应用场景:订单30分钟未支付取消…
2.整合springboot
创建springboot Maven项目,其pom文件内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.2</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.hong</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-rabbitmq</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springboot-rabbitmq</name>
<description>springboot整合Rabbitmq</description>
<properties>
<java.version>17</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--RabbitMQ 依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.24</version>
</dependency>
<!--swagger-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--RabbitMQ 测试依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.配置文件application.properties
spring.rabbitmq.host=10.211.55.4
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
spring.rabbitmq.password=123456
4.添加Swagger配置类
package com.hong.springboot.rabbitmq.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
/**
* @Description: Swagger配置类
* @Author: hong
* @Date: 2024-01-24 10:38
* @Version: 1.0
**/
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
@Bean
public Docket webApiConfig() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.groupName("webApi")
.apiInfo(webApiInfo())
.select()
.build();
}
private ApiInfo webApiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("rabbitmq接口文档")
.description("本文档描述了 rabbitmq 微服务接口定义")
.version("1.0")
.contact(new Contact("JAVA小生不才", "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41596346?spm=1011.2423.3001.5343", "hst1406959716@163.com"))
.build();
}
}
5.队列TTL配置列
package com.hong.springboot.rabbitmq.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @Description: TTL队列配置类
* @Author: hong
* @Date: 2024-01-24 09:57
* @Version: 1.0
**/
@Configuration
public class TTLQueeueConfig {
public static final String X_EXCHANGE = "X";
public static final String QUEUE_A = "QUEUE_A";
public static final String QUEUE_B = "QUEUE_B";
//死信交换机
public static final String Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE = "Y";
//死信队列
public static final String DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE = "QD";
// 声明 xExchange
@Bean("xExchange")
public DirectExchange xExchange() {
return new DirectExchange(X_EXCHANGE);
}
// 声明 死信队列交换机
@Bean("yExchange")
public DirectExchange yExchange() {
return new DirectExchange(Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
}
//声明队列 A ttl 为 10s 并绑定到对应的死信交换机
@Bean("queueA")
public Queue queueA() {
Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>(3);
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
//声明队列的 TTL
args.put("x-message-ttl", 10000);
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_A).withArguments(args).build();
}
// 声明队列 A 绑定 X 交换机
@Bean
public Binding queueaBindingX(@Qualifier("queueA") Queue queueA,
@Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(xExchange).with("XA");
}
//声明队列 B ttl 为 40s 并绑定到对应的死信交换机
@Bean("queueB")
public Queue queueB() {
Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>(3);
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
//声明队列的 TTL
args.put("x-message-ttl", 40000);
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_B).withArguments(args).build();
}
//声明死信队列 QD
@Bean("queueD")
public Queue queueD() {
return new Queue(DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE);
}
//声明队列 B 绑定 X 交换机
@Bean
public Binding queuebBindingX(@Qualifier("queueB") Queue queueB,
@Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB).to(xExchange).with("XB");
}
//声明死信队列 QD 绑定关系
@Bean
public Binding deadLetterBindingQAD(@Qualifier("queueD") Queue queueD,
@Qualifier("yExchange") DirectExchange yExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueD).to(yExchange).with("YD");
}
}
6.消息生产者
package com.hong.springboot.rabbitmq.controller;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @Description: 消息生产者
* @Author: hong
* @Date: 2024-01-28 10:15
* @Version: 1.0
**/
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("ttl")
@RestController
public class SendMessageController {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@GetMapping("sendMsg/{message}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message) {
log.info("当前时间：{},发送一条信息给两个 TTL 队列:{}",new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) , message);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XA", "消息来自ttl为10S的QA队列: " + message);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XB", "消息来自ttl为10S的QB队列: " + message);
}
}
7.消息消费者代码
package com.hong.springboot.rabbitmq.consumer;
import com.hong.springboot.rabbitmq.config.TTLQueeueConfig;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @Description: 死信消费者
* @Author: hong
* @Date: 2024-01-28 10:22
* @Version: 1.0
**/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class DeadLetterQueueConsumer {
@RabbitListener(queues = "QD")
public void receiveD(Message message, Channel channel) {
String msg = new String(message.getBody());
log.info("当前时间：{},收到死信队列信息{}",new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) , msg);
}
}
启动项目，发起http://localhost:8080/ttl/sendMsg/JAVA%E5%B0%8F%E7%94%9F%E4%B8%8D%E6%89%8D请求
8.代码优化
QA和QB的ttl都写死啦，若是再来1个时间不同的咋处理
8.1.TTLQueeueConfig优化
代码中添加如下代码
//QC 不设置ttl 消息自带ttl
public static final String QUEUE_C = "QC";
//声明队列 C 死信交换机
@Bean("queueC")
public Queue queueC() {
Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>(3);
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
//没有声明 TTL 属性
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_C).withArguments(args).build();
}
//声明队列C绑定 X 交换机
@Bean
public Binding queueCBindingX(@Qualifier("queueC") Queue queueC,
@Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueC).to(xExchange).with("XC");
}
8.2.生产者代码优化
添加如下方法
/**
* 延时队列优化
* @param message 消息
* @param ttlTime 延时的毫秒
*/
@GetMapping("sendExpirationMsg/{message}/{ttlTime}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message, @PathVariable String ttlTime) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XC", message, correlationData -> {
correlationData.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(ttlTime);
return correlationData;
});
log.info("当前时间：{},发送一条时长{}毫秒TTL信息给队列C:{}", new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) , ttlTime, message);
}
