Redis哨兵模式与集群模式的快速部署

Redis的哨兵模式和集群模式是用于提高Redis系统可用性和分布式能力的两种模式。以下是如何使用Docker Compose来搭建Redis哨兵模式和集群模式的示例。

哨兵模式（Sentinel Mode）

Redis哨兵模式通过哨兵节点监控主从节点，自动进行故障转移，保证高可用性。

Docker Compose 文件

version: '2.1'
services:
  redis-master:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-master
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
    volumes:
      - ./data/master:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--appendonly", "yes"]

  redis-slave1:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-slave1
    depends_on:
      - redis-master
    volumes:
      - ./data/slave1:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--appendonly", "yes", "--slaveof", "redis-master", "6379"]

  redis-slave2:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-slave2
    depends_on:
      - redis-master
    volumes:
      - ./data/slave2:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--appendonly", "yes", "--slaveof", "redis-master", "6379"]

  sentinel1:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: sentinel1
    depends_on:
      - redis-master
      - redis-slave1
      - redis-slave2
    ports:
      - "26379:26379"
    command: >
      sh -c 'redis-sentinel /usr/local/etc/sentinel.conf'
    volumes:
      - ./conf/sentinel1.conf:/usr/local/etc/sentinel.conf

  sentinel2:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: sentinel2
    depends_on:
      - redis-master
      - redis-slave1
      - redis-slave2
    ports:
      - "26380:26379"
    command: >
      sh -c 'redis-sentinel /usr/local/etc/sentinel.conf'
    volumes:
      - ./conf/sentinel2.conf:/usr/local/etc/sentinel.conf

  sentinel3:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: sentinel3
    depends_on:
      - redis-master
      - redis-slave1
      - redis-slave2
    ports:
      - "26381:26379"
    command: >
      sh -c 'redis-sentinel /usr/local/etc/sentinel.conf'
    volumes:
      - ./conf/sentinel3.conf:/usr/local/etc/sentinel.conf

哨兵配置文件（sentinel.conf）

哨兵配置文件内容可以如下：
在不同服务器上应当修改redis-master 6379为主节点ip与端口

port 26379
sentinel monitor mymaster redis-master 6379 2
sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 5000
sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 10000
sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1

需要创建三个类似的配置文件sentinel1.conf, sentinel2.conf, sentinel3.conf，内容相同。

配置好后，直接在docker-compose.yml所在目录下使用docker compose up -d 启动即可

集群模式（Cluster Mode）

Redis集群模式通过分片（sharding）实现数据的分布式存储和高可用性。

Docker Compose 文件

version: '2.1'
services:
  redis-node1:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-node1
    ports:
      - "7001:6379"
    volumes:
      - ./data/node1:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--cluster-enabled", "yes", "--appendonly", "yes", "--cluster-config-file", "/data/nodes.conf", "--port", "6379"]

  redis-node2:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-node2
    ports:
      - "7002:6379"
    volumes:
      - ./data/node2:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--cluster-enabled", "yes", "--appendonly", "yes", "--cluster-config-file", "/data/nodes.conf", "--port", "6379"]

  redis-node3:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-node3
    ports:
      - "7003:6379"
    volumes:
      - ./data/node3:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--cluster-enabled", "yes", "--appendonly", "yes", "--cluster-config-file", "/data/nodes.conf", "--port", "6379"]

  redis-node4:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-node4
    ports:
      - "7004:6379"
    volumes:
      - ./data/node4:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--cluster-enabled", "yes", "--appendonly", "yes", "--cluster-config-file", "/data/nodes.conf", "--port", "6379"]

  redis-node5:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-node5
    ports:
      - "7005:6379"
    volumes:
      - ./data/node5:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--cluster-enabled", "yes", "--appendonly", "yes", "--cluster-config-file", "/data/nodes.conf", "--port", "6379"]

  redis-node6:
    image: redis:latest
    container_name: redis-node6
    ports:
      - "7006:6379"
    volumes:
      - ./data/node6:/data
    command: ["redis-server", "--cluster-enabled", "yes", "--appendonly", "yes", "--cluster-config-file", "/data/nodes.conf", "--port", "6379"]

初始化集群

使用docker compose up -d 启动容器后，需要运行以下命令初始化集群：

注意：这里必须用主机ip，尝试使用了容器id是不行的，后续连接端口需要使用7001 - 7006

docker exec -it redis-node1 redis-cli --cluster create \
  192.168.16.4:6379 192.168.16.6:6379 192.168.16.7:6379 \
  192.168.16.3:6379 192.168.16.5:6379 192.168.16.2:6379 \
  --cluster-replicas 1

总结

上述Docker Compose文件分别展示了如何搭建Redis哨兵模式和集群模式的环境。通过这种方式，可以快速创建高可用、可扩展的Redis服务。