一、安装部署步骤
| 节点名称 | IP地址 | 相关组件 |
| master01 | 192.168.133.80 | kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler etcd |
| master02 | 192.168.133.20 | kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler etcd |
| node01 | 192.168.133.18 | kubelet kube-proxy docker etcd |
| node02 | 192.168.133.19 | kubelet kube-proxy docker etcd |
| master | 192.168.133.21 | nginx+keepalive |
| backup | 192.168.133.22 | nginx+keepalive |
1.1 初始化配置
#关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
iptables -F && iptables -t nat -F && iptables -t mangle -F && iptables -X
#关闭selinux
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
#关闭swap
swapoff -a
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
#根据规划设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname master01
hostnamectl set-hostname node01
hostnamectl set-hostname node02
#在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.133.80 master01
192.168.133.20 master02
192.168.133.18 node01
192.168.133.19 node02
EOF
#调整内核参数
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
#开启网桥模式，可将网桥的流量传递给iptables链
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
#关闭ipv6协议
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
EOF
sysctl --system
#时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com1.2 所有 node 节点部署docker引擎
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
systemctl start docker.service
systemctl enable docker.service 1.3 准备cfssl证书生成工具
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl*
1.4 生成Etcd证书
mkdir /opt/k8s
cd /opt/k8s/（1）etcd-cert.sh
#!/bin/bash
#配置证书生成策略，让 CA 软件知道颁发有什么功能的证书，生成用来签发其他组件证书的根证书
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"www": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
#ca-config.json：可以定义多个 profiles，分别指定不同的过期时间、使用场景等参数；
#后续在签名证书时会使用某个 profile；此实例只有一个 www 模板。
#expiry：指定了证书的有效期，87600h 为10年，如果用默认值一年的话，证书到期后集群会立即宕掉
#signing：表示该证书可用于签名其它证书；生成的 ca.pem 证书中 CA=TRUE；
#key encipherment：表示使用非对称密钥加密，如 RSA 加密；
#server auth：表示client可以用该 CA 对 server 提供的证书进行验证；
#client auth：表示server可以用该 CA 对 client 提供的证书进行验证；
#注意标点符号，最后一个字段一般是没有逗号的。
#-----------------------
#生成CA证书和私钥（根证书和私钥）
#特别说明： cfssl和openssl有一些区别，openssl需要先生成私钥，然后用私钥生成请求文件，最后生成签名的证书和私钥等，但是cfssl可以直接得到请求文件。
cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "etcd",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
EOF
#CN：Common Name，浏览器使用该字段验证网站或机构是否合法，一般写的是域名
#key：指定了加密算法，一般使用rsa（size：2048）
#C：Country，国家
#ST：State，州，省
#L：Locality，地区,城市
#O: Organization Name，组织名称，公司名称
#OU: Organization Unit Name，组织单位名称，公司部门
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
#生成的文件：
#ca-key.pem：根证书私钥
#ca.pem：根证书
#ca.csr：根证书签发请求文件
#cfssl gencert -initca <CSRJSON>：使用 CSRJSON 文件生成生成新的证书和私钥。如果不添加管道符号，会直接把所有证书内容输出到屏幕。
#注意：CSRJSON 文件用的是相对路径，所以 cfssl 的时候需要 csr 文件的路径下执行，也可以指定为绝对路径。
#cfssljson 将 cfssl 生成的证书（json格式）变为文件承载式证书，-bare 用于命名生成的证书文件。
#-----------------------
#生成 etcd 服务器证书和私钥
cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"192.168.80.10",
"192.168.80.11",
"192.168.80.12"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing"
}
]
}
EOF
#hosts：将所有 etcd 集群节点添加到 host 列表，需要指定所有 etcd 集群的节点 ip 或主机名不能使用网段，新增 etcd 服务器需要重新签发证书。
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
#生成的文件：
#server.csr：服务器的证书请求文件
#server-key.pem：服务器的私钥
#server.pem：服务器的数字签名证书
#-config：引用证书生成策略文件 ca-config.json
#-profile：指定证书生成策略文件中的的使用场景，比如 ca-config.json 中的 www（2） etcd.sh
#!/bin/bash
#example: ./etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.80.10 etcd02=https://192.168.80.11:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.80.12:2380
#创建etcd配置文件/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
ETCD_NAME=$1
ETCD_IP=$2
ETCD_CLUSTER=$3
WORK_DIR=/opt/etcd
cat > $WORK_DIR/cfg/etcd <<EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="${ETCD_NAME}"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://${ETCD_IP}:2380,${ETCD_CLUSTER}"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF
#Member:成员配置
#ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一。成员名字，集群中必须具备唯一性，如etcd01
#ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录。指定节点的数据存储目录，这些数据包括节点ID，集群ID，集群初始化配置，Snapshot文件，若未指定-wal-dir，还会存储WAL文件；如果不指定会用缺省目录
#ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址。用于监听其他member发送信息的地址。ip为全0代表监听本机所有接口
#ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址。用于监听etcd客户发送信息的地址。ip为全0代表监听本机所有接口
#Clustering：集群配置
#ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址。其他member使用，其他member通过该地址与本member交互信息。一定要保证从其他member能可访问该地址。静态配置方式下，该参数的value一定要同时在--initial-cluster参数中存在
#ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址。etcd客户端使用，客户端通过该地址与本member交互信息。一定要保证从客户侧能可访问该地址
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址。本member使用。描述集群中所有节点的信息，本member根据此信息去联系其他member
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token。用于区分不同集群。本地如有多个集群要设为不同
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群。
#创建etcd.service服务管理文件
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=${WORK_DIR}/cfg/etcd
ExecStart=${WORK_DIR}/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-cert-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap \
--enable-v2
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
#--enable-v2：开启 etcd v2 API 接口。当前 flannel 版本不支持 etcd v3 通信
#--logger=zap：使用 zap 日志框架。zap.Logger 是go语言中相对日志库中性能最高的
#--peer开头的配置项用于指定集群内部TLS相关证书（peer 证书），这里全部都使用同一套证书认证
#不带--peer开头的的参数是指定 etcd 服务器TLS相关证书（server 证书），这里全部都使用同一套证书认证
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl restart etcd
chmod +x etcd-cert.sh etcd.sh
mkdir /opt/k8s/etcd-cert
mv etcd-cert.sh etcd-cert/
cd /opt/k8s/etcd-cert/
./etcd-cert.sh 
cd /opt/k8s/
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir -p /opt/etcd/{cfg,bin,ssl}
cd /opt/k8s/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/
mv etcd etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/
cp /opt/k8s/etcd-cert/*.pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
cd /opt/k8s/
./etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.133.80 etcd02=https://192.168.133.18:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.133.19:2380
#可另外打开一个窗口查看etcd进程是否正常
ps -ef | grep etcd
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.133.18:/opt/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.133.19:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.133.18:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.133.19:/usr/lib/systemd/system/在 node01 节点和node02 节点上分别操作
vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd
node01
node02
在master01检查etcd群集状态以及etcd集群成员列表
ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.133.80:2379,https://192.168.133.18:2379,https://192.168.133.19:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table
ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.133.80:2379,https://192.168.133.18:2379,https://192.168.133.19:2379" endpoint status --write-out=table
ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.133.80:2379,https://192.168.133.18:2379,https://192.168.133.19:2379" --write-out=table member list1.5 部署 Master 组件
在 master01 节点上操作
#上传 master.zip 和 k8s-cert.sh 到 /opt/k8s 目录中，解压 master.zip 压缩包
cd /opt/k8s/
unzip master.zip
chmod +x *.shadmin.sh
#!/bin/bash
mkdir /root/.kube
KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.133.80:6443"
cd /opt/k8s/k8s-cert/
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
--client-certificate=./admin.pem \
--client-key=./admin-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=cluster-admin \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}apiserver.sh
#!/bin/bash
#example: apiserver.sh 192.168.133.80 https://192.168.133.80:2379,https://192.168.133.18:2379,https://192.168.133.19:2379
#创建 kube-apiserver 启动参数配置文件
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
ETCD_SERVERS=$2
cat >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver <<EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=${ETCD_SERVERS} \\
--bind-address=${MASTER_ADDRESS} \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=${MASTER_ADDRESS} \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--service-account-issuer=api \\
--service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver.pem \\
--proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver-key.pem \\
--requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
--enable-aggregator-routing=true \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF
#--logtostderr=true：启用日志。输出日志到标准错误控制台，不输出到文件
#--v=4：日志等级。指定输出日志的级别，v=4为调试级别详细输出
#--etcd-servers：etcd集群地址。指定etcd服务器列表（格式：//ip:port），逗号分隔
#--bind-address：监听地址。指定 HTTPS 安全接口的监听地址，默认值0.0.0.0
#--secure-port：https安全端口。指定 HTTPS 安全接口的监听端口，默认值6443
#--advertise-address：集群通告地址。通过该 ip 地址向集群其他节点公布 api server 的信息，必须能够被其他节点访问
#--allow-privileged=true：启用授权。允许拥有系统特权的容器运行，默认值false
#--service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段。指定 Service Cluster IP 地址段
#--enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块。kuberneres集群的准入控制机制，各控制模块以插件的形式依次生效，集群时必须包含ServiceAccount，运行在认证（Authentication）、授权（Authorization）之后，Admission Control是权限认证链上的最后一环， 对请求API资源对象进行修改和校验
#--authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理。在安全端口使用RBAC,Node授权模式，未通过授权的请求拒绝，默认值AlwaysAllow。RBAC是用户通过角色与权限进行关联的模式；Node模式（节点授权）是一种特殊用途的授权模式，专门授权由kubelet发出的API请求，在进行认证时，先通过用户名、用户分组验证是否是集群中的Node节点，只有是Node节点的请求才能使用Node模式授权
#--enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制。在apiserver上启用Bootstrap Token 认证
#--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv：指定bootstrap token认证文件路径
#--service-node-port-range：指定 Service NodePort 的端口范围，默认值30000-32767
#–-kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
#--tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书
#1.20版本必须加的参数：–-service-account-issuer，–-service-account-signing-key-file
#--etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书
#–-audit-log-xxx：审计日志
#启动聚合层相关配置：–requestheader-client-ca-file，–proxy-client-cert-file，–proxy-client-key-file，–requestheader-allowed-names，–requestheader-extra-headers-prefix，–requestheader-group-headers，–requestheader-username-headers，–enable-aggregator-routing
#创建 kube-apiserver.service 服务管理文件
cat >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl restart kube-apiserver
controller-manager.sh
#!/bin/bash
##创建 kube-controller-manager 启动参数配置文件
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
cat >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager <<EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF
#––leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
#-–kubeconfig：连接 apiserver 用的配置文件，用于识别 k8s 集群
#--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16：pod资源的网段，需与pod网络插件的值设置一致。通常，Flannel网络插件的默认为10.244.0.0/16，Calico插件的默认值为192.168.0.0/16
#--cluster-signing-cert-file/–-cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致。指定签名的CA机构根证书，用来签名为 TLS BootStrapping 创建的证书和私钥
#--root-ca-file：指定根CA证书文件路径，用来对 kube-apiserver 证书进行校验，指定该参数后，才会在 Pod 容器的 ServiceAccount 中放置该 CA 证书文件
#--experimental-cluster-signing-duration：设置为 TLS BootStrapping 签署的证书有效时间为10年，默认为1年
##生成kube-controller-manager证书
cd /opt/k8s/k8s-cert/
#创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
#生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager
#生成kubeconfig文件
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.133.80:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \
--client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
--client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-controller-manager \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
##创建 kube-controller-manager.service 服务管理文件
cat >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager
scheduler.sh
#!/bin/bash
##创建 kube-scheduler 启动参数配置文件
MASTER_ADDRESS=$1
cat >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler <<EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF
#-–kubeconfig：连接 apiserver 用的配置文件，用于识别 k8s 集群
#--leader-elect=true：当该组件启动多个时，自动启动 leader 选举
#k8s中Controller-Manager和Scheduler的选主逻辑：k8s中的etcd是整个集群所有状态信息的存储，涉及数据的读写和多个etcd之间数据的同步，对数据的一致性要求严格，所以使用较复杂的 raft 算法来选择用于提交数据的主节点。而 apiserver 作为集群入口，本身是无状态的web服务器，多个 apiserver 服务之间直接负载请求并不需要做选主。Controller-Manager 和 Scheduler 作为任务类型的组件，比如 controller-manager 内置的 k8s 各种资源对象的控制器实时的 watch apiserver 获取对象最新的变化事件做期望状态和实际状态调整，调度器watch未绑定节点的pod做节点选择，显然多个这些任务同时工作是完全没有必要的，所以 controller-manager 和 scheduler 也是需要选主的，但是选主逻辑和 etcd 不一样的，这里只需要保证从多个 controller-manager 和 scheduler 之间选出一个 leader 进入工作状态即可，而无需考虑它们之间的数据一致和同步。
##生成kube-scheduler证书
cd /opt/k8s/k8s-cert/
#创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
#生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler
#生成kubeconfig文件
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.133.80:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \
--client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \
--client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-scheduler \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
##创建 kube-scheduler.service 服务管理文件
cat >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
systemctl restart kube-scheduler
#创建kubernetes工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
#创建用于生成CA证书、相关组件的证书和私钥的目录
mkdir /opt/k8s/k8s-cert
mv /opt/k8s/k8s-cert.sh /opt/k8s/k8s-cert
cd /opt/k8s/k8s-cert/
chmod +x *.sh
./k8s-cert.sh #生成CA证书、相关组件的证书和私钥k8s-cert.sh
#!/bin/bash
#配置证书生成策略，让 CA 软件知道颁发有什么功能的证书，生成用来签发其他组件证书的根证书
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
#生成CA证书和私钥（根证书和私钥）
cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
#-----------------------
#生成 apiserver 的证书和私钥（apiserver和其它k8s组件通信使用）
#hosts中将所有可能作为 apiserver 的 ip 添加进去，后面 keepalived 使用的 VIP 也要加入
cat > apiserver-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"192.168.133.80", #master01
"192.168.133.20", #master02
"192.168.133.100", #vip，后面 keepalived 使用
"192.168.133.21", #load balancer01（master）
"192.168.133.22", #load balancer02（backup）
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare apiserver
#-----------------------
#生成 kubectl 连接集群的证书和私钥，具有admin权限
cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "admin",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
#-----------------------
#生成 kube-proxy 的证书和私钥
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
cp ca*pem apiserver*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
cd /opt/k8s/
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
#复制master组件的关键命令文件到 kubernetes工作目录的 bin 子目录中
cd /opt/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kubectl kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/
ln -s /opt/kubernetes/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
#创建 bootstrap token 认证文件，apiserver 启动时会调用，然后就相当于在集群内创建了一个这个用户，接下来就可以用 RBAC 给他授权
cd /opt/k8s/
vim token.sh
#!/bin/bash
#获取随机数前16个字节内容，以十六进制格式输出，并删除其中空格
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
#生成 token.csv 文件，按照 Token序列号,用户名,UID,用户组 的格式生成
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF
chmod +x token.sh
./token.sh
cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
#二进制文件、token、证书都准备好后，开启 apiserver 服务
cd /opt/k8s/
./apiserver.sh 192.168.133.80 https://192.168.133.80:2379,https://192.168.133.18:2379,https://192.168.133.19:2379
#检查进程是否启动成功
ps aux | grep kube-apiserver
netstat -natp | grep 6443 #安全端口6443用于接收HTTPS请求，用于基于Token文件或客户端证书等认证
#启动 scheduler 服务
cd /opt/k8s/
./scheduler.sh
ps aux | grep kube-scheduler
#启动 controller-manager 服务
./controller-manager.sh
ps aux | grep kube-controller-manager
#生成kubectl连接集群的kubeconfig文件
./admin.sh
#通过kubectl工具查看当前集群组件状态
kubectl get cs
1.6 部署 Worker Node 组件
在所有 node 节点上操作
#创建kubernetes工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
#上传 node.zip 到 /opt 目录中，解压 node.zip 压缩包，获得kubelet.sh、proxy.sh
cd /opt/
unzip node.zip
chmod +x kubelet.sh proxy.shkubelet.sh
#!/bin/bash
NODE_ADDRESS=$1
DNS_SERVER_IP=${2:-"10.0.0.2"}
#创建 kubelet 启动参数配置文件
cat >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet <<EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF
#--hostname-override：指定kubelet节点在集群中显示的主机名或IP地址，默认使用主机hostname；kube-proxy和kubelet的此项参数设置必须完全一致
#--network-plugin：启用CNI
#--kubeconfig：指定kubelet.kubeconfig文件位置，当前为空路径，会自动生成，用于如何连接到apiserver，里面含有kubelet证书，master授权完成后会在node节点上生成 kubelet.kubeconfig 文件
#--bootstrap-kubeconfig：指定连接 apiserver 的 bootstrap.kubeconfig 文件
#--config：指定kubelet配置文件的路径，启动kubelet时将从此文件加载其配置
#--cert-dir：指定master颁发的kubelet证书生成目录
#--pod-infra-container-image：指定Pod基础容器（Pause容器）的镜像。Pod启动的时候都会启动一个这样的容器，每个pod之间相互通信需要Pause的支持，启动Pause需要Pause基础镜像
#----------------------
#创建kubelet配置文件（该文件实际上就是一个yml文件，语法非常严格，不能出现tab键，冒号后面必须要有空格，每行结尾也不能有空格）
cat >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config <<EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: ${NODE_ADDRESS}
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- ${DNS_SERVER_IP}
clusterDomain: cluster.local
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: true
EOF
#PS：当命令行参数与此配置文件（kubelet.config）有相同的值时，就会覆盖配置文件中的该值。
#----------------------
#创建 kubelet.service 服务管理文件
cat >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl restart kubelet
proxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
NODE_ADDRESS=$1
#创建 kube-proxy 启动参数配置文件
cat >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy <<EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \\
--v=4 \\
--hostname-override=${NODE_ADDRESS} \\
--cluster-cidr=172.17.0.0/16 \\
--proxy-mode=ipvs \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
EOF
#--hostnameOverride: 参数值必须与 kubelet 的值一致，否则 kube-proxy 启动后会找不到该 Node，从而不会创建任何 ipvs 规则
#--cluster-cidr：指定 Pod 网络使用的聚合网段，Pod 使用的网段和 apiserver 中指定的 service 的 cluster ip 网段不是同一个网段。 kube-proxy 根据 --cluster-cidr 判断集群内部和外部流量，指定 --cluster-cidr 选项后 kube-proxy 才会对访问 Service IP 的请求做 SNAT，即来自非 Pod 网络的流量被当成外部流量，访问 Service 时需要做 SNAT。
#--proxy-mode：指定流量调度模式为ipvs模式，可添加--ipvs-scheduler选项指定ipvs调度算法（rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|lblcr|dh|sh|sed|nq）
#--kubeconfig: 指定连接 apiserver 的 kubeconfig 文件
#----------------------
#创建 kube-proxy.service 服务管理文件
cat >/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl restart kube-proxy
在 master01 节点上操作
#把 kubelet、kube-proxy 拷贝到 node 节点
cd /opt/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin
scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.133.18:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.133.19:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
mkdir /opt/k8s/kubeconfig
cd /opt/k8s/kubeconfig
chmod +x kubeconfig.sh
./kubeconfig.sh 192.168.133.80 /opt/k8s/k8s-cert/kubeconfig.sh
#!/bin/bash
#example: kubeconfig 192.168.133.80 /opt/k8s/k8s-cert/
#创建bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
#该文件中内置了 token.csv 中用户的 Token，以及 apiserver CA 证书；kubelet 首次启动会加载此文件，使用 apiserver CA 证书建立与 apiserver 的 TLS 通讯，使用其中的用户 Token 作为身份标识向 apiserver 发起 CSR 请求
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(awk -F ',' '{print $1}' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv)
APISERVER=$1
SSL_DIR=$2
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://$APISERVER:6443"
# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
#--embed-certs=true：表示将ca.pem证书写入到生成的bootstrap.kubeconfig文件中
# 设置客户端认证参数，kubelet 使用 bootstrap token 认证
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
--token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 使用上下文参数生成 bootstrap.kubeconfig 文件
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
#----------------------
#创建kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
# 设置客户端认证参数，kube-proxy 使用 TLS 证书认证
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
# 使用上下文参数生成 kube-proxy.kubeconfig 文件
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
#把配置文件 bootstrap.kubeconfig、kube-proxy.kubeconfig 拷贝到 node 节点
scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.133.18:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.133.19:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
#RBAC授权，使用户 kubelet-bootstrap 能够有权限发起 CSR 请求证书
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap
若执行失败，可先给kubectl绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色，授权集群操作权限
kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-system-anonymous --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=system:anonymous在 node01 节点上操作
#启动 kubelet 服务
cd /opt/
./kubelet.sh 192.168.133.18
ps aux | grep kubelet
在 master01 节点上操作，通过 CSR 请求
#检查到 node01 节点的 kubelet 发起的 CSR 请求，Pending 表示等待集群给该节点签发证书
kubectl get csr
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-K84Eomk2ahAzGHNu0QC7lTb0oIKC7PScyeCJFdcrXqs
在 node01 节点上操作
#加载 ip_vs 模块
for i in $(ls /usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs|grep -o "^[^.]*");do echo $i; /sbin/modinfo -F filename $i >/dev/null 2>&1 && /sbin/modprobe $i;done
#启动proxy服务
cd /opt/
./proxy.sh 192.168.133.18
ps aux | grep kube-proxy
同理在node2上操作
1.7 部署 CNI 网络组件-部署 flannel
在 node01 节点和node02 节点上操作
#上传 cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz 和 flannel.tar 到 /opt 目录中
cd /opt/
docker load -i flannel.tar
mkdir /opt/cni/bin
tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin
在 master01 节点上操作
#上传 kube-flannel.yml 文件到 /opt/k8s 目录中，部署 CNI 网络
cd /opt/k8s
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
kubectl get nodes
kube-flannel.yml
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
privileged: false
volumes:
- configMap
- secret
- emptyDir
- hostPath
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
# Users and groups
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
# Privilege Escalation
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
# Capabilities
allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW']
defaultAddCapabilities: []
requiredDropCapabilities: []
# Host namespaces
hostPID: false
hostIPC: false
hostNetwork: true
hostPorts:
- min: 0
max: 65535
# SELinux
seLinux:
# SELinux is unused in CaaSP
rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
verbs: ['use']
resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"name": "cbr0",
"cniVersion": "0.3.1",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
hostNetwork: true
priorityClassName: system-node-critical
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
1.8 部署 CoreDNS
在所有 node 节点上操作
#上传 coredns.tar 到 /opt 目录中
cd /opt
docker load -i coredns.tar在 master01 节点上操作
#上传 coredns.yaml 文件到 /opt/k8s 目录中，部署 CoreDNS
cd /opt/k8s
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh
/ # nslookup kubernetescoredns.yaml
# __MACHINE_GENERATED_WARNING__
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
labels:
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
name: system:coredns
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- endpoints
- services
- pods
- namespaces
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- get
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
name: system:coredns
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:coredns
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
data:
Corefile: |
.:53 {
errors
health {
lameduck 5s
}
ready
kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
pods insecure
fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
ttl 30
}
prometheus :9153
forward . /etc/resolv.conf {
max_concurrent 1000
}
cache 30
loop
reload
loadbalance
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
# replicas: not specified here:
# 1. In order to make Addon Manager do not reconcile this replicas parameter.
# 2. Default is 1.
# 3. Will be tuned in real time if DNS horizontal auto-scaling is turned on.
strategy:
type: RollingUpdate
rollingUpdate:
maxUnavailable: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
spec:
securityContext:
seccompProfile:
type: RuntimeDefault
priorityClassName: system-cluster-critical
serviceAccountName: coredns
affinity:
podAntiAffinity:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- weight: 100
podAffinityTerm:
labelSelector:
matchExpressions:
- key: k8s-app
operator: In
values: ["kube-dns"]
topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
tolerations:
- key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
operator: "Exists"
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
containers:
- name: coredns
image: k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.7.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
resources:
limits:
memory: 170Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 70Mi
args: [ "-conf", "/etc/coredns/Corefile" ]
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /etc/coredns
readOnly: true
ports:
- containerPort: 53
name: dns
protocol: UDP
- containerPort: 53
name: dns-tcp
protocol: TCP
- containerPort: 9153
name: metrics
protocol: TCP
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 8080
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 60
timeoutSeconds: 5
successThreshold: 1
failureThreshold: 5
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /ready
port: 8181
scheme: HTTP
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
capabilities:
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
drop:
- all
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
dnsPolicy: Default
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: coredns
items:
- key: Corefile
path: Corefile
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: kube-dns
namespace: kube-system
annotations:
prometheus.io/port: "9153"
prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
selector:
k8s-app: kube-dns
clusterIP: 10.0.0.2
ports:
- name: dns
port: 53
protocol: UDP
- name: dns-tcp
port: 53
protocol: TCP
- name: metrics
port: 9153
protocol: TCP注：如果出现以下报错
[root@master01 k8s]# kubectl run -it --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
Error attaching, falling back to logs: unable to upgrade connection: Forbidden (user=system:anonymous, verb=create, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy)
Error from server (Forbidden): Forbidden (user=system:anonymous, verb=get, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy) ( pods/log sh)
需要添加 rbac的权限 直接使用kubectl绑定 clusteradmin 管理员集群角色 授权操作权限
[root@master01 k8s]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-system-anonymous --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=system:anonymous
1.9 master02 节点部署
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.133.20:/opt/
scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ root@192.168.133.20:/opt
scp -r /root/.kube root@192.168.133.20:/root
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler}.service root@192.168.133.20:/usr/lib/systemd/system/修改配置文件kube-apiserver中的IP
vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
在 master02 节点上启动各服务并设置开机自启
systemctl start kube-apiserver.service
systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service
systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl start kube-scheduler.service
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service查看node节点状态
ln -s /opt/kubernetes/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
kubectl get nodes
kubectl get nodes -o wide
1.10 负载均衡部署
在master、backup节点上操作
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo << 'EOF'
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
EOF
yum install nginx -y
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf修改nginx配置文件
stream {
log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';
access_log /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log main;
upstream k8s-apiserver {
server 192.168.133.80:6443;
server 192.168.133.20:6443;
}
server {
listen 6443;
proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
}
}
//检查配置文件语法
nginx -t
//启动nginx服务，查看已监听6443端口
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
netstat -natp | grep nginx
//部署keepalived服务
yum install keepalived -y
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf修改keepalived配置文件
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
# 接收邮件地址
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
# 邮件发送地址
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id NGINX_MASTER #master节点的为 NGINX_MASTER，backup节点的为 NGINX_BACKUP
}
#添加一个周期性执行的脚本
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh" #指定检查nginx存活的脚本路径
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #master节点的为 MASTER，backup节点的为 BACKUP
interface ens33 #指定网卡名称 ens33
virtual_router_id 51 #指定vrid，两个节点要一致
priority 100 #master节点的为 100，backup节点的为 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.10.100/24 #指定 VIP
}
track_script {
check_nginx #指定vrrp_script配置的脚本
}
}
创建nginx状态检查脚本
#!/bin/bash
#egrep -cv "grep|$$" 用于过滤掉包含grep 或者 $$ 表示的当前Shell进程ID，即脚本运行的当前进程ID号
count=$(ps -ef | grep nginx | egrep -cv "grep|$$")
if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
systemctl stop keepalived
fichmod +x /etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh
systemctl start keepalived
systemctl enable keepalived
ip a #查看VIP是否生成
修改node节点上的bootstrap.kubeconfig,kubelet.kubeconfig配置文件为VIP
cd /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
vim bootstrap.kubeconfig
server: https://192.168.133.100:6443
vim kubelet.kubeconfig
server: https://192.168.133.100:6443
vim kube-proxy.kubeconfig
server: https://192.168.133.100:6443
//重启kubelet和kube-proxy服务
systemctl restart kubelet.service
systemctl restart kube-proxy.service
在master 上查看
netstat -natp | grep nginx
在 master01 节点上操作
//测试创建pod
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx
//查看Pod的状态信息
kubectl get pod
kubectl get pod
kubectl get pod -o wide
//在对应网段的node节点上操作，可以直接使用浏览器或者curl命令访问
curl 10.244.1.4
//这时在master01节点上查看nginx日志
kubectl logs nginx
1.11 部署 Dashboard
在node节点导入
在 master01 节点上操作
cd /opt/k8s
vim recommended.yaml
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30001
type: NodePort
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
csrf: ""
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
# Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
# Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
verbs: ["get", "update"]
# Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services"]
resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services/proxy"]
resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
# Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
- apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
containers:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.0.0
imagePullPolicy: Always
ports:
- containerPort: 8443
protocol: TCP
args:
- --auto-generate-certificates
- --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
# Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
# If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
# to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
# - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
volumeMounts:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
mountPath: /certs
# Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTPS
path: /
port: 8443
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
runAsUser: 1001
runAsGroup: 2001
volumes:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
secret:
secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
nodeSelector:
"kubernetes.io/os": linux
# Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
ports:
- port: 8000
targetPort: 8000
selector:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
spec:
containers:
- name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.4
ports:
- containerPort: 8000
protocol: TCP
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTP
path: /
port: 8000
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
runAsUser: 1001
runAsGroup: 2001
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
nodeSelector:
"kubernetes.io/os": linux
# Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
volumes:
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
#创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
使用输出的token登录Dashboard
