前言
写用例之前,我们应该熟悉API的详细信息。建议使用抓包工具Charles或AnyProxy进行抓包。
har2case
我们先来了解一下另一个项目har2case 他的工作原理就是将当前主流的抓包工具和浏览器都支持将抓取得到的数据包导出为标准通用的 HAR 格式(HTTP Archive),然后 HttpRunner 将 HAR 格式的数据包转换为YAML/JSON格式的测试用例文件。 这里使用charles抓取百度首页进行演示
选中百度请求,右键点击Export Session,导出到/hrun_demo/har
下,命名为baidu,格式选择HTTP Archive(.har)
,点击save
此时,har文件夹下会多出baidu.har
文件
har2case生成用例
可以使用命令har2case将Har文件转成测试用例,先使用命令har2case -h
查看帮助文档
(httprunner_env) ➜ har har2case -h
usage: har2case har2case [-h] [-2y] [-2j] [--filter FILTER]
[--exclude EXCLUDE]
[har_source_file]
positional arguments:
har_source_file Specify HAR source file
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-2y, --to-yml, --to-yaml
Convert to YAML format, if not specified, convert to
pytest format by default.
-2j, --to-json Convert to JSON format, if not specified, convert to
pytest format by default.
--filter FILTER Specify filter keyword, only url include filter string
will be converted.
--exclude EXCLUDE Specify exclude keyword, url that includes exclude
string will be ignored, multiple keywords can be
joined with '|'
- -2y:转换为
yaml
格式,如果没有指定,默认转换为pytest
格式 - -2j:转换为
json
格式,如果没有指定,默认转换为pytest
格式 - –filter:指定筛选关键字,仅url包含筛选字符串将被转换。
- –exclude:指定exclude关键字,包括exclude的url字符串将被忽略,可以选择多个关键字以“|”联接
生成pytest格式的用例
HttpRunner 3.0.7版本开始,har2case将HAR文件默认转换成pytest,强烈建议
以pytest格式
而不是以前的YAML / JSON格式编写和维护测试用例。 这里也是博主从pytest框架转换为httprunner框架的原因之一 运行命令将har文件转换成测试用例:
(httprunner_env) ➜ har har2case baidu.har
2021-02-05 11:27:32.945 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:356 - Start to generate testcase from /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.har
2021-02-05 11:27:32.945 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:_make_testcase:347 - Extract info from HAR file and prepare for testcase.
2021-02-05 11:27:32.948 | INFO | httprunner.compat:ensure_testcase_v3:219 - ensure compatibility with testcase format v2
2021-02-05 11:27:32.948 | INFO | httprunner.loader:load_dot_env_file:127 - Loading environment variables from /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/.env
2021-02-05 11:27:32.949 | DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33 - Set OS environment variable: USERNAME
2021-02-05 11:27:32.949 | DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33 - Set OS environment variable: PASSWORD
2021-02-05 11:27:32.950 | INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:349 - start to make testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.har
2021-02-05 11:27:32.951 | INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:442 - generated testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
2021-02-05 11:27:32.952 | INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ...
reformatted /Users/songyingkai/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨
1 file reformatted.
2021-02-05 11:27:33.181 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:377 - generated testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
Sentry is attempting to send 0 pending error messages
Waiting up to 2 seconds
Press Ctrl-C to quit
生成的pytest文件是标准的python文件,如下所示:
# NOTE: Generated By HttpRunner v3.1.4
# FROM: har/baidu.har
from httprunner import HttpRunner, Config, Step, RunRequest, RunTestCase
class TestCaseBaidu(HttpRunner):
config = Config("testcase description").verify(False)
teststeps = [
Step(
RunRequest("/")
.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
.with_headers(
**{
"Host": "www.baidu.com",
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
"sec-ch-ua": '"Chromium";v="88", "Google Chrome";v="88", ";Not A Brand";v="99"',
"sec-ch-ua-mobile": "?0",
"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11_1_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.146 Safari/537.36",
"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9",
"Sec-Fetch-Site": "none",
"Sec-Fetch-Mode": "navigate",
"Sec-Fetch-User": "?1",
"Sec-Fetch-Dest": "document",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7",
"Cookie": "PSTM=1610459846; BAIDUID=A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1; BD_UPN=123253; BIDUPSID=898B917A8EF92E036B0F06DC792638A1; __yjs_duid=1_c391922164c20246fd49e4ad821d46c41610613507042; BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; H_PS_PSSID=33423_33513_33403_33273_33594_33585_26350_33568; delPer=0; BD_CK_SAM=1; PSINO=5; BAIDUID_BFESS=A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1; COOKIE_SESSION=86630_1_9_6_41_5_0_0_8_2_1_0_0_0_71_0_1612340974_1611912344_1612427533%7C9%23262013_235_1611912339%7C9; BD_HOME=1; ZD_ENTRY=baidu; BA_HECTOR=20ag2180aga18k21mm1g1pegu0r",
}
)
.with_cookies(
**{
"PSTM": "1610459846",
"BAIDUID": "A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1",
"BD_UPN": "123253",
"BIDUPSID": "898B917A8EF92E036B0F06DC792638A1",
"__yjs_duid": "1_c391922164c20246fd49e4ad821d46c41610613507042",
"BDORZ": "B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598",
"H_PS_PSSID": "33423_33513_33403_33273_33594_33585_26350_33568",
"delPer": "0",
"BD_CK_SAM": "1",
"PSINO": "5",
"BAIDUID_BFESS": "A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1",
"COOKIE_SESSION": "86630_1_9_6_41_5_0_0_8_2_1_0_0_0_71_0_1612340974_1611912344_1612427533%7C9%23262013_235_1611912339%7C9",
"BD_HOME": "1",
"ZD_ENTRY": "baidu",
"BA_HECTOR": "20ag2180aga18k21mm1g1pegu0r",
}
)
.validate()
.assert_equal("status_code", 200)
.assert_equal('headers."Content-Type"', "text/html;charset=utf-8")
),
]
if __name__ == "__main__":
TestCaseBaidu().test_start()
可以使用命令hrun
或pytest
运行,实际上,hrun是pytest的封装,效果基本相同。
(httprunner_env) ➜ har hrun baidu_test.py
2021-02-05 14:03:39.279 | INFO | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
2021-02-05 14:03:39.279 | INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ...
No Path provided. Nothing to do 😴
2021-02-05 14:03:39.457 | INFO | httprunner.cli:main_run:56 - start to run tests with pytest. HttpRunner version: 3.1.4
============================================= test session starts =============================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /Users/songyingkai/hrun/hrun_demo/har
plugins: metadata-1.11.0, html-2.1.1
collected 1 item
baidu_test.py . [100%]
============================================== 1 passed in 0.25s ==============================================
Sentry is attempting to send 0 pending error messages
Waiting up to 2 seconds
Press Ctrl-C to quit
(httprunner_env) ➜ har pytest baidu_test.py
============================================= test session starts =============================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /Users/songyingkai/hrun/hrun_demo/har
plugins: metadata-1.11.0, html-2.1.1
collected 1 item
baidu_test.py . [100%]
============================================== warnings summary ===============================================
baidu_test.py::TestCaseBaidu::test_start
/Users/songyingkai/.virtualenvs/httprunner_env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py:1020: InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made to host 'www.baidu.com'. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warnings
InsecureRequestWarning,
-- Docs: https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/warnings.html
======================================== 1 passed, 1 warning in 0.47s =========================================
生成测试用例(YAML/JSON)
当然,你也可以生成YAML/JSON
测试用例。 只需要在har2case
命令后 添加-2y/--to-yml
或-2j/--to-json
生成YAML格式:
har har2case baidu.har -2y
(httprunner_env) ➜ har har2case baidu.har -2y
2021-02-05 14:23:48.484 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:356 - Start to generate testcase from /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.har
2021-02-05 14:23:48.484 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:_make_testcase:347 - Extract info from HAR file and prepare for testcase.
2021-02-05 14:23:48.488 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.utils:dump_yaml:108 - dump testcase to YAML format.
2021-02-05 14:23:48.492 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.utils:dump_yaml:115 - Generate YAML testcase successfully: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.yml
2021-02-05 14:23:48.493 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:377 - generated testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.yml
Sentry is attempting to send 0 pending error messages
Waiting up to 2 seconds
Press Ctrl-C to quit
查看生成的yaml文件
config:
name: testcase description
variables: {}
verify: false
teststeps:
- name: /
request:
cookies:
BAIDUID: A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1
BAIDUID_BFESS: A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1
BA_HECTOR: 20ag2180aga18k21mm1g1pegu0r
BDORZ: B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598
BD_CK_SAM: '1'
BD_HOME: '1'
BD_UPN: '123253'
BIDUPSID: 898B917A8EF92E036B0F06DC792638A1
COOKIE_SESSION: 86630_1_9_6_41_5_0_0_8_2_1_0_0_0_71_0_1612340974_1611912344_1612427533%7C9%23262013_235_1611912339%7C9
H_PS_PSSID: '33423_33513_33403_33273_33594_33585_26350_33568'
PSINO: '5'
PSTM: '1610459846'
ZD_ENTRY: baidu
__yjs_duid: 1_c391922164c20246fd49e4ad821d46c41610613507042
delPer: '0'
headers:
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Connection: keep-alive
Cookie: PSTM=1610459846; BAIDUID=A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1;
BD_UPN=123253; BIDUPSID=898B917A8EF92E036B0F06DC792638A1; __yjs_duid=1_c391922164c20246fd49e4ad821d46c41610613507042;
BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; H_PS_PSSID=33423_33513_33403_33273_33594_33585_26350_33568;
delPer=0; BD_CK_SAM=1; PSINO=5; BAIDUID_BFESS=A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1;
COOKIE_SESSION=86630_1_9_6_41_5_0_0_8_2_1_0_0_0_71_0_1612340974_1611912344_1612427533%7C9%23262013_235_1611912339%7C9;
BD_HOME=1; ZD_ENTRY=baidu; BA_HECTOR=20ag2180aga18k21mm1g1pegu0r
Host: www.baidu.com
Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Sec-Fetch-Site: none
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: '1'
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11_1_0) AppleWebKit/537.36
(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.146 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua: '"Chromium";v="88", "Google Chrome";v="88", ";Not A Brand";v="99"'
sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
method: GET
url: https://www.baidu.com/
validate:
- eq:
- status_code
- 200
- eq:
- headers.Content-Type
- text/html;charset=utf-8
生成JSON格式:
har2case baidu.har -2j
(httprunner_env) ➜ har har2case baidu.har -2j
2021-02-05 14:25:35.729 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:356 - Start to generate testcase from /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.har
2021-02-05 14:25:35.730 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:_make_testcase:347 - Extract info from HAR file and prepare for testcase.
2021-02-05 14:25:35.732 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.utils:dump_json:121 - dump testcase to JSON format.
2021-02-05 14:25:35.733 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.utils:dump_json:130 - Generate JSON testcase successfully: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.json
2021-02-05 14:25:35.733 | INFO | httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:377 - generated testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.json
Sentry is attempting to send 0 pending error messages
Waiting up to 2 seconds
Press Ctrl-C to quit
查看生成的json格式
{
"config": {
"name": "testcase description",
"variables": {},
"verify": false
},
"teststeps": [
{
"name": "/",
"request": {
"url": "https://www.baidu.com/",
"method": "GET",
"cookies": {
"PSTM": "1610459846",
"BAIDUID": "A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1",
"BD_UPN": "123253",
"BIDUPSID": "898B917A8EF92E036B0F06DC792638A1",
"__yjs_duid": "1_c391922164c20246fd49e4ad821d46c41610613507042",
"BDORZ": "B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598",
"H_PS_PSSID": "33423_33513_33403_33273_33594_33585_26350_33568",
"delPer": "0",
"BD_CK_SAM": "1",
"PSINO": "5",
"BAIDUID_BFESS": "A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1",
"COOKIE_SESSION": "86630_1_9_6_41_5_0_0_8_2_1_0_0_0_71_0_1612340974_1611912344_1612427533%7C9%23262013_235_1611912339%7C9",
"BD_HOME": "1",
"ZD_ENTRY": "baidu",
"BA_HECTOR": "20ag2180aga18k21mm1g1pegu0r"
},
"headers": {
"Host": "www.baidu.com",
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
"sec-ch-ua": "\"Chromium\";v=\"88\", \"Google Chrome\";v=\"88\", \";Not A Brand\";v=\"99\"",
"sec-ch-ua-mobile": "?0",
"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 11_1_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.146 Safari/537.36",
"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9",
"Sec-Fetch-Site": "none",
"Sec-Fetch-Mode": "navigate",
"Sec-Fetch-User": "?1",
"Sec-Fetch-Dest": "document",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7",
"Cookie": "PSTM=1610459846; BAIDUID=A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1; BD_UPN=123253; BIDUPSID=898B917A8EF92E036B0F06DC792638A1; __yjs_duid=1_c391922164c20246fd49e4ad821d46c41610613507042; BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; H_PS_PSSID=33423_33513_33403_33273_33594_33585_26350_33568; delPer=0; BD_CK_SAM=1; PSINO=5; BAIDUID_BFESS=A40AD6AD806FBBED1033903732FFA453:FG=1; COOKIE_SESSION=86630_1_9_6_41_5_0_0_8_2_1_0_0_0_71_0_1612340974_1611912344_1612427533%7C9%23262013_235_1611912339%7C9; BD_HOME=1; ZD_ENTRY=baidu; BA_HECTOR=20ag2180aga18k21mm1g1pegu0r"
}
},
"validate": [
{
"eq": [
"status_code",
200
]
},
{
"eq": [
"headers.Content-Type",
"text/html;charset=utf-8"
]
}
]
}
]
}
YAML/JSON用例和pytest用例文件含有相同的信息,也可以使用hrun运行。
(httprunner_env) ➜ har hrun baidu.yml
2021-02-05 14:28:05.573 | INFO | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.yml
2021-02-05 14:28:05.582 | INFO | httprunner.compat:ensure_testcase_v3:219 - ensure compatibility with testcase format v2
2021-02-05 14:28:05.582 | INFO | httprunner.loader:load_dot_env_file:127 - Loading environment variables from /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/.env
2021-02-05 14:28:05.582 | DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33 - Set OS environment variable: USERNAME
2021-02-05 14:28:05.582 | DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33 - Set OS environment variable: PASSWORD
2021-02-05 14:28:05.583 | INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:349 - start to make testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.yml
2021-02-05 14:28:05.583 | INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:442 - generated testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
2021-02-05 14:28:05.584 | INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ...
reformatted /Users/songyingkai/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨
1 file reformatted.
2021-02-05 14:28:05.769 | INFO | httprunner.cli:main_run:56 - start to run tests with pytest. HttpRunner version: 3.1.4
============================================= test session starts =============================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /Users/songyingkai/hrun/hrun_demo/har
plugins: metadata-1.11.0, html-2.1.1
collected 1 item
baidu_test.py . [100%]
============================================== 1 passed in 0.26s ==============================================
Sentry is attempting to send 0 pending error messages
Waiting up to 2 seconds
Press Ctrl-C to quit
(httprunner_env) ➜ har hrun baidu.json
2021-02-05 14:28:25.793 | INFO | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.json
2021-02-05 14:28:25.794 | INFO | httprunner.compat:ensure_testcase_v3:219 - ensure compatibility with testcase format v2
2021-02-05 14:28:25.794 | INFO | httprunner.loader:load_dot_env_file:127 - Loading environment variables from /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/.env
2021-02-05 14:28:25.794 | DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33 - Set OS environment variable: USERNAME
2021-02-05 14:28:25.794 | DEBUG | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33 - Set OS environment variable: PASSWORD
2021-02-05 14:28:25.795 | INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:349 - start to make testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu.json
2021-02-05 14:28:25.795 | INFO | httprunner.make:make_testcase:442 - generated testcase: /Users/jkc/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
2021-02-05 14:28:25.795 | INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ...
reformatted /Users/songyingkai/hrun/hrun_demo/har/baidu_test.py
All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨
1 file reformatted.
2021-02-05 14:28:25.975 | INFO | httprunner.cli:main_run:56 - start to run tests with pytest. HttpRunner version: 3.1.4
============================================= test session starts =============================================
platform darwin -- Python 3.7.6, pytest-5.4.3, py-1.10.0, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: /Users/songyingkai/hrun/hrun_demo/har
plugins: metadata-1.11.0, html-2.1.1
collected 1 item
baidu_test.py . [100%]
============================================== 1 passed in 0.31s ==============================================
Sentry is attempting to send 0 pending error messages
Waiting up to 2 seconds
Press Ctrl-C to quit
最后:
为了助力软件测试员朋友们跳槽面试、升职加薪、职业困境,提高自己的技术,本文给大家整了一套涵盖测试所有技术栈的快速学习方法和笔记。目前已经收到了上百人网友的反馈,说是面试问到了很多这里面的知识点。
内容包含了:测试理论、Linux基础、MySQL基础、Web测试、接口测试、App测试、管理工具、Python基础、Selenium相关、性能测试、LordRunner相关等,希望能帮助到有心在技术这条道路上一路走到黑的朋友!
通过大数据总结发现,其实软件测试岗的面试都是差不多的。常问的有下面这几块知识点:
测试理论(测试基础+需求分析+测试模型+测试计划+测试策略+测试案例等等)
Linux( Linux基础+Linux练习题)
MySQL(基础知识+查询练习+万年学生表经典面试题汇总+数据库企业真题)
Web测试
API测试
App测试
管理工具
Python基础(Python基础+编程题+集合+函数+Python特性等等)
Selenium相关
性能测试
LordRunner相关
计算机网络
组成原理
数据结构与算法
逻辑题
人力资源
一、软件测试基础
软件测试的步骤是什么?
如何录制测试脚本?
应该考虑进行如何测试的测试方法
怎样估计测试工作量?
测试设计的问题
当测试过程发生错误时,有哪几种解决办法?
测试执行的问题
测试评估的目标
如何提高测试?
C/S模式的优点和缺点
B/S模式的优点和缺点
…
二、Linux
grep和find的区别? grep 都有哪些用法?
查看IP地址?
创建和删除一个多级目录?
在当前用户家目录中查找haha.txt文件?
如何查询出tomcat的进程并杀掉这个进程,写出linux命令?
动态查看日志文件?
查看系統硬盘空间的命令?
查看当前机器listen 的所有端口?
…
三、Python
统计python源代码文件中代码行数,去除注释,空行,进行输出?
python调用cmd并返回结果?
冒泡排序
1,2,3,4 这4个数字,能组成多少个互不相同的且无重复的三位数,都是多少?
请用 python 打印出 10000 以内的对称数(对称数特点:数字左右对称,如:1,2,11,121,1221 等)
给定一个整数 N,和一个 0-9 的数 K,要求返回 0-N 中数字 K 出现的次数
判断 101-200 之间有多少个素数,并输出所有的素数
一个输入三角形的函数,输入后输出是否能组成三角形,三角形类型,请用等价类- 划分法设计测试用例
…
四、MySQL
你用的Mysql是哪个引擎,各引擎之间有什么区别?
如何对查询命令进行优化?
数据库的优化?
Sql注入是如何产“生的,如何防止?
NoSQL和关系数据库的区别?
MySQL与MongoDB本质之间最基本的差别是什么
Mysql数据库中怎么实现分页?
Mysql数据库的操作?
优化数据库?提高数据库的性能?
什么是数据的完整性?
…
五、Web
- Web测试和app测试区别?
- WEB测试环境搭建和测试方法
- WEB测试教程
- WEB测试要点及基本方法
- Web测试页面总结
- …
六、接口测试
什么是接口
如果模块请求http改为了https,测试方案应该如何制定,修改?
常用HTTP 协议调试代理I具有什么?详细说明抓取HTTPS协议的设置过程?
描述TCP/IP协议的层次结构,以及每一-层中重要协议
jmeter,一个接口的响应结果如下:
接口产生的垃圾数据如何清理
依赖第三方的接口如何处理
测试的数据你放在哪?
什么是数据驱动,如何参数化?
…
七、性能测试
你认为性能测试的目的是什么?做好性能测试的工作的关键是什么?
服务端性能分析都从哪些角度来进行?
如何理解压力测试,负裁测试以及性能测试?
如何判断是否有内存泄漏及关注的指标?
描述软件产“生内存泄露的原因以及检查方式。(可以结合- 种开发语言进行描述)
简述什么是值传递,什么是地址传递,两者区别是什么?
什么是系统瓶颈?
…
八、selenium
如何开展自动化测试框架的构建?
如何设计自动化测试用例:
webdriver如何开启和退出一个浏览器?
什么是自动化测试框架?
Selenium是什么,流行的版本有哪些?
你如何从命令行启动Selenium RC?
在我的机器端口4444不是免费的。我怎样才能使用另一个端口?
什么是Selenium Server,它与Selenium Hub有什么不同?
你如何从Selenium连接到数据库?
你如何验证多个页面上存在的一个对象?
XPath中使用单斜杠和双斜杠有什么区别?
如何编写SeleniumIDE/ RC的用户扩展?
如何在页面加载成功后验证元素的存在?
你对Selenium Grid有什么了解?它提供了什么功能?
如何从你的Java Class启动Selenium服务器?
Selenium中有哪些验证点?
什么是XPath?什么时候应该在Selenium中使用XPath?
…
九、计算机与网络
一台计算机的IP是192.168.10.71子网掩码255.255.255.64与192.168.10.201 …
请简述DNS、活动目录、域的概念。
10M兆宽带是什么意思?理论下载速度是多少?
什么是IP地址?
OSI七层网络模型的划分?
TCP和UDP有什么不同?
HTTP属于哪一层的协议?
HTTP和HTTPS的区别?
cookies和session的区别?
HTTP的get请求和post请求的区别?
HTTP1.0和HTTP1.1有什么区别
TCP的连接建立过程,以及断开过程?
客户端使用DHCP获取IP的过程?
写出某个网段的网络地址和广播地址?
…
十、人力资源
你的测试职业发展是什么?你自认为做测试的优势在哪里?
你找工作时,最重要的考虑因素为何?
为什么我们应该录取你?
请谈谈你个人的最大特色。
一个测试工程师应具备那些素质和技能?
还有问一下你是怎样保证软件质量的,也就是说你觉得怎样才能最大限度地保证软件质量?
为什么选择测试这行?
如果我雇用你,你能给部门带来什么贡献?
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最后
整份文档一共有将近 200 页,全部为大家展示出来肯定是不太现实的,为了不影响大家的阅读体验就只展示了部分内容,还望大家海涵,希望能帮助到您面试前的复习且找到一个好的工作,也节省大家在网上搜索资料的时间来学习!