Golang基础4-type、go测试

type相关

别名：本质上是更好的理解代码，比如byte(uint8)、rune(int32)

定义新类型，那么就相当于时struct了

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

// XInt 别名,在编译的时候会直接替换int
type XInt = int

// YInt 自定义类型，输出时不属于int类型，可以拓展int内置的方法
type YInt int

func (y YInt) toString() string {
    return strconv.Itoa(int(y))
}

func main() {
    // 别名，本质在编译替换int
    var x1 XInt = 12
    fmt.Printf("%T %v\n", x1, x1)
    var x2 int = 22
    fmt.Println(x1 + x2)

    //基于int定义了新类型
    var y1 YInt = 10
    fmt.Printf("%T %v\n", y1, y1)
    var y2 int = 12
    fmt.Println(int(y1) + y2)
    fmt.Println(y1.toString())
}

Go测试

单元测试

参考：单元测试 · Golang 学习笔记

单元测试 · Go语言中文文档

// 表驱动测试
func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {
    type input struct {
        a, b int
    }

    type want struct {
        res int
    }
    var tests = []struct {
        input
        want
        expression string
    }{
        {input{1, 3}, want{4}, "1+3"},
        {input{2, 4}, want{6}, "2+4"},
    }
    for _, tt := range tests {
        t.Run(tt.expression, func(t *testing.T) {
            got := Add(tt.a, tt.b)
            if got != tt.res {
                t.Errorf("Add(%d, %d) = %d; want %d", tt.a, tt.b, got, tt.want.res)
            }
        })
    }

}

参考：https://juejin.cn/post/7051101245309714440

go语言中自带轻量级别测试框架testing和自带的go test命令来实现单元测试和性能测试。

采用table_driven驱动来编写测试用例方便我们处理代码。

func TestRouter_match(T *testing.T) {
    r := newRouter()
    var mockHandler HandleFunc = func() {}
    // 添加一些路由
    r.AddRoute(http.MethodGet, "/user", mockHandler)
    r.AddRoute(http.MethodGet, "/", mockHandler)
    r.AddRoute(http.MethodGet, "/user/home", mockHandler)
    r.AddRoute(http.MethodGet, "/order/detail", mockHandler)
    r.AddRoute(http.MethodPost, "/order/create", mockHandler)
    r.AddRoute(http.MethodPost, "/login", mockHandler)
    r.AddRoute(http.MethodGet, "/index", mockHandler)

    testCases := []struct {
        name     string
        method   string
        path     string
        expected *node // 期望匹配的节点
    }{
        {"existing route", http.MethodGet, "/user", r.trees[http.MethodGet].children["user"]},
        {"root route", http.MethodGet, "/", r.trees[http.MethodGet]},
        {"nested route", http.MethodGet, "/user/home", r.trees[http.MethodGet].children["user"].children["home"]},
        {"non-existing route", http.MethodGet, "/notfound", nil},
        {"existing route with params", http.MethodGet, "/index", r.trees[http.MethodGet].children["index"]},
        {"non-existing method", http.MethodPut, "/user", nil},
    }

    for _, tc := range testCases {
        T.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
            actual := r.match(tc.method, tc.path)
            if actual != tc.expected {
                t.Errorf("expected %v, got %v", tc.expected, actual)
            }
        })
    }
}

将我们的测试用例封装成[]struct并用循环，T.Run最终来进行批量处理。

todo：Mock、Stub、gomock、gomonkey。