libVLC Ubuntu编译详解

1.简介

有时候，windows上开发不满足项目需求，需要移植到linux上，不得不自行编译libvlc，编译libvlc相对而言稍微麻烦一点。

我使用的操作系统：Ubuntu20.04

查看系统命令lsb_release -a

libvlc版本： 3.0.18

下载地址：GitHub - videolan/vlc at 3.0.18

2.更换源

为了下载一些必要的组件，如果没有更换过源的，建议还是更新一下源。

先拷贝source.list

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

替换源，将source.list文件内所有内容删除替换成其他源

#kali官方源

deb http://http.kali.org/ moto main non-free contrib
deb-src http://http.kali.org/ moto main non-free contrib

deb http://security.kali.org/ moto/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.kali.org/ moto/updates main contrib non-free

#中科大kali源
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

#新加坡kali源
deb http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali/ kali main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali/ kali main non-free contrib
deb http://security.kali.org/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
deb http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

#阿里云kali源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#163 Kali源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib
#auto
deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#中科大
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#浙大
deb http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#东软大学
deb http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib

#重庆大学
deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#官方源
#deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

导入公钥

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv 7D8D0BF6

更新源

sudo apt-get update

3.编译libVLC

在编译 libVLC 之前，你需要确保系统上安装了所有必需的构建工具和库依赖项。打开终端并运行以下命令：

sudo apt install build-essential git pkg-config libtool autoconf automake cmake

接下来，安装 libVLC 所需的依赖库：

sudo apt install libvlc-dev vlc-data libvlccore-dev vlc-bin libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev

安装好了之后，解压源码压缩包，并进入源码目录。

执行命令：./bootstrap，报错如下，找不到gettext，解决方法：sudo apt-get install gettext。

执行命令：./bootstrap。报错如下，找不到flex，解决方法：sudo apt-get install flex

执行命令：./bootstrap。报错如下，找不到bison，解决方法：sudo apt-get install bison

好了，到现在为止，基本上是没有问题了，生成了可执行文件configure。

接下来需要生成Makefile。

执行./configure。

Lua报错：解决方法：

sudo apt install liblua5.4-dev

configure: error: Could not find lua. Lua is needed for some interfaces (rc, telnet, http) as well as many other custom scripts. Use --disable-lua to ignore this error.

liba52报错：解决方法：

这里我直接使用 ./configure --disable-a52

configure: error: Could not find liba52 on your system: you may get it from http://liba52.sf.net/. Alternatively you can use --disable-a52 to disable the a52 plugin.

xcb-composite报错：解决方法：

sudo apt-get install libxcb-xv0-dev

sudo apt-get install libxcb-composite0-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-dri2-0-dev libxcb-xf86dri0-dev libxcb-xinerama0-dev libxcb-render-util0-dev

configure: error:  Package 'xcb-composite', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Package 'xcb-randr', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Package 'xcb-render', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Package 'xcb-shm', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Package 'xcb-xkb', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Pass --disable-xcb to skip X11 support.

xcb-randr报错：解决方法：

sudo apt-get install libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-xkb-dev

configure: error: Package ‘xcb-randr’, required by ‘virtual:world’, not found. Package ‘xcb-xkb’, required by ‘virtual:world’, not found. Pass --disable-xcb to skip X11 support.

好了到目前为止，如果顺利的话，生成了Makefile。

在编译的时候会出现一个问题，就是没有.git目录，就给我停止掉了，这个时候

git clone https://github.com/videolan/vlc.git 

这个里面有.git目录，将这个目录拷贝到上面的源码目录即可。

最后make -j8  && sudo make install

在/usr/local/lib下生成了库，头文件在/usr/local/include下。

4.配置编译环境

3rd放libVLC的库，showWidget是我的demo程序。

配置.pro文件。

#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2024-01-16T20:30:05
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT       += core gui

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

TARGET = showWidget
TEMPLATE = app

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which as been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0


SOURCES += \
        main.cpp \
        showWidget.cpp

HEADERS += \
        showWidget.h

FORMS += \
        showWidget.ui

RESOURCES += \
    showWidget.qrc

LIBPATH += ../3rd/lib

LIBS += -lvlccore \
        -lvlc

INCLUDEPATH += ../3rd/include

源码示例：这里采用QLabel来显示视频。

ui界面：

#pragma once

#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>
#include "ui_showWidget.h"
#include <QMenu>
#include <QActionGroup>
#include <vlc/vlc.h>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QThread>
#include <QMouseEvent>
#include <QKeyEvent>

enum Rate
{
	Rate2X,
	Rate1_5X,
	Rate1_25X,
	Rate1_0X,
	Rate0_75X,
	Rate0_5X
};

class showWidget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    showWidget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~showWidget();

public:
	void updatePic(const QImage &image);

private slots:
	void slotOpenFile();
	void slotPlay();
	void slotPause();
	void slotStop();
	void slotValueChanged(int value);
	void slotCurrentIndexChanged(int index);

private:
	//事件处理回调
	static void vlcEvents(const libvlc_event_t *ev, void *param);

private:
    Ui::showWidgetClass ui;

private:
	libvlc_instance_t *vlc_base = nullptr;
	libvlc_media_t *vlc_media = nullptr;
	libvlc_media_player_t *vlc_mediaPlayer = nullptr;

	QList<float> m_lstRate;
    QList<QString> m_lstAudioDevice;
};



#include "showWidget.h"
#include <QTimer>
#include <QTime>
#include <QMutex>
#include <stdlib.h> 

#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")

static showWidget* m_this = nullptr;

struct Frame 
{
	int     width;
	int     height;
	uchar * pixels;
	QMutex mutex;
};


static Frame *g_frame = nullptr;

// 自定义视频输出模块的回调函数
static void *lock(void *opaque, void **planes) {
	g_frame->mutex.lock();
	*planes = g_frame->pixels;

	return 0;
}

//保存100~110帧
static void unlock(void *opaque, void *picture, void *const *planes) {
	// 这里可以释放视频帧的锁

	char *buffer = (char *)*planes; //planes即为帧数据
	QImage image((unsigned char*)buffer, g_frame->width, g_frame->height, QImage::Format_ARGB32);
	m_this->updatePic(image);

	g_frame->mutex.unlock();
}

static void display(void *opaque, void *picture) {
	// 这里可以进行视频帧的显示或其他处理
	(void)opaque;
}


static unsigned setup(void **opaque, char *chroma,
	unsigned *width, unsigned *height,
	unsigned *pitches,
	unsigned *lines)
{
	qDebug() << "chroma:" << QString(chroma) << "width:" << *width << ", height:" << *height;

	/* 开辟存放图像数据的内存块 */
	if (g_frame)
	{
		if (g_frame->pixels)
		{
			delete[] g_frame->pixels;
			g_frame->pixels = NULL;
		}

		delete g_frame;
		g_frame = NULL;
	}

	int w = *width;
	int h = *height;
	g_frame = new Frame;
	g_frame->pixels = new uchar[w * h * 4]; // 申请大小也为4通道的像素

	memset(g_frame->pixels, 0, w * h * 4);
	memcpy(chroma, "RV32", 4);
	g_frame->width = w;
	g_frame->height = h;
	*pitches = w * 4;
	*lines = h;

	return 1;
}

showWidget::showWidget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    ui.setupUi(this);

	m_this = this;
	this->setWindowTitle("视频播放器");

	vlc_base = libvlc_new(0, NULL);

	ui.cbxRate->setCurrentIndex(Rate1_0X);

	m_lstRate << 2.0 << 1.5 << 1.25 << 1.0 << 0.75 << 0.5;


	ui.btnOpen->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
	ui.btnPlay->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
	ui.btnPause->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
	ui.btnStop->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
	ui.hSliderVolumn->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
	ui.cbxRate->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);

	connect(ui.btnOpen, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &showWidget::slotOpenFile);
	connect(ui.btnPlay, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &showWidget::slotPlay);
	connect(ui.btnPause, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &showWidget::slotPause);
	connect(ui.btnStop, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &showWidget::slotStop);
	connect(ui.hSliderVolumn, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &showWidget::slotValueChanged);
	connect(ui.cbxRate,SIGNAL(currentIndexChanged(int)), this, SLOT(slotCurrentIndexChanged(int)));
}

showWidget::~showWidget()
{
	libvlc_release(vlc_base); //减少libvlc实例的引用计数，并销毁
}


void showWidget::updatePic(const QImage &image)
{
	ui.lbImage->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image));
}

void showWidget::slotOpenFile()
{
	/*选择文件*/
	QString filename = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, "选择打开的文件", "D:/", tr("*.*"));

	vlc_media = libvlc_media_new_path(vlc_base, filename.toUtf8().data());
	if (!vlc_media) {
		return;
	}
	
	// 创建libvlc实例和媒体播放器
	vlc_mediaPlayer = libvlc_media_player_new_from_media(vlc_media);
	if (!vlc_mediaPlayer) {
		return;
	}

	libvlc_video_set_format_callbacks(vlc_mediaPlayer, setup, NULL);
	
	// 设置自定义视频输出
	libvlc_video_set_callbacks(vlc_mediaPlayer, lock, unlock, display, NULL);
	
	// 等待元数据加载完成
	libvlc_media_parse(vlc_media);
	
	// 获取各种元数据
	const char *title = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Title);
	const char *artist = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Artist);
	const char *album = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Album);
	const char *url = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_URL);
	const char *date = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Date);
	const char *lang = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Language);
	int duration = libvlc_media_get_duration(vlc_media);  // 获取时长（单位：毫秒）

	qDebug("Title: %s", title ? title : "N/A");
	qDebug("Artist: %s", artist ? artist : "N/A");
	qDebug("Album: %s", album ? album : "N/A");
	qDebug("Duration: %d ms", duration);
	qDebug("url: %s", url ? url : "N/A");
	qDebug("date: %s", date ? date : "N/A");
	qDebug("lang: %s", lang ? lang : "N/A");
	
	libvlc_media_track_t **tracks;
	int track_count = libvlc_media_tracks_get(vlc_media,&tracks);
	for (unsigned i = 0; i < track_count; i++) 
	{
		libvlc_media_track_t* track = tracks[i];

		// 显示轨道信息
		printf("Track #%u: %s\n", i, track->psz_description);

		// 这里可以获取到每一个轨道的信息，比如轨道类型 track->i_type
		// 可能是 libvlc_track_video, libvlc_track_audio 或者 libvlc_track_text (字幕)

		if (track->i_type == libvlc_track_video) {
			// 处理视频轨道信息
			qDebug("width = %d",track->video->i_width);
			qDebug("height = %d", track->video->i_height);
			qDebug("rate_num = %d", track->video->i_frame_rate_num);
			qDebug("rate_den = %d", track->video->i_frame_rate_den);
		}
		else if (track->i_type == libvlc_track_audio) {
			// 处理音频轨道信息
			qDebug("channels = %d", track->audio->i_channels);
			qDebug("rate = %d", track->audio->i_rate);
		}
		else if (track->i_type == libvlc_track_text) {
			// 处理字幕轨道信息
		}
	}

	//获取事件管理器
	libvlc_event_manager_t *em = libvlc_media_player_event_manager(vlc_mediaPlayer);

	// 注册事件监听器
	libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerTimeChanged, vlcEvents, this);
	libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerEndReached, vlcEvents, this);
	libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerStopped, vlcEvents, this);
	libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerPlaying, vlcEvents, this);
	libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerPaused, vlcEvents, this);

	QTimer::singleShot(1000, this, &showWidget::slotPlay);
	libvlc_video_filter_list_get(vlc_base);
}

void showWidget::slotPlay()
{
	if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
	{
		libvlc_media_player_play(vlc_mediaPlayer);
	}
}

void showWidget::slotPause()
{
	if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
		libvlc_media_player_pause(vlc_mediaPlayer);
}

void showWidget::slotStop()
{
	if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
		libvlc_media_player_stop(vlc_mediaPlayer);
}

void showWidget::slotValueChanged(int value)
{
	if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
		libvlc_audio_set_volume(vlc_mediaPlayer, value);
}

void showWidget::slotCurrentIndexChanged(int index)
{
	if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
		libvlc_media_player_set_rate(vlc_mediaPlayer, m_lstRate[index]);
}

//事件回调
void showWidget::vlcEvents(const libvlc_event_t *ev, void *param)
{
	showWidget *w = (showWidget*)param;
	//处理不同的事件
	switch (ev->type) {
	case libvlc_MediaPlayerTimeChanged:
	{
		//qDebug() << "VLC媒体播放器时间已更改";
		qint64 len = libvlc_media_player_get_time(w->vlc_mediaPlayer);
		libvlc_time_t lenSec = len / 1000;

		libvlc_time_t totalLen = libvlc_media_player_get_length(w->vlc_mediaPlayer);
		libvlc_time_t totalLenSec = totalLen / 1000;

		int thh, tmm, tss;
		thh = lenSec / 3600;
		tmm = (lenSec % 3600) / 60;
		tss = (lenSec % 60);
		QTime time(thh, tmm, tss);
		w->ui.lbCurTime->setText(time.toString("hh:mm:ss"));

		thh = totalLenSec / 3600;
		tmm = (totalLenSec % 3600) / 60;
		tss = (totalLenSec % 60);
		QTime TotalTime(thh, tmm, tss);
		w->ui.lbTotalTime->setText(TotalTime.toString("hh:mm:ss"));

		double pos = (double)lenSec / totalLenSec * 100;
		w->ui.horizontalSlider->setValue(pos);
	}
		break;
	case libvlc_MediaPlayerEndReached:
		qDebug() << "VLC播放完毕.";
		break;
	case libvlc_MediaPlayerStopped:
		qDebug() << "VLC停止播放";
		break;
	case libvlc_MediaPlayerPlaying:
		qDebug() << "VLC开始播放";
		break;
	case libvlc_MediaPlayerPaused:
		qDebug() << "VLC暂停播放";
		break;
	}
}

5.运行

VLC 和 libVLC 使用环境变量 VLC_PLUGIN_PATH来查找其插件。你可以在运行应用程序之前设置此环境变量，以指定插件目录的位置。

必须配置插件的环境变量，否则运行不了，插件在/usr/local/lib/vlc下。

export VLC_PLUGIN_PATH=/home/zz/plugins

运行效果：

6.更多参考

Qt+FFmpeg+opengl从零制作视频播放器-1.项目介绍_qt opengl视频播放器-CSDN博客

libVLC 提取视频帧使用OpenGL渲染-CSDN博客

QT UDP通信（单播、广播、组播）-CSDN博客

QCharts -1.概述-CSDN博客

libVLC 视频界面分割-CSDN博客