一、实验拓扑图
二、实验要求
1、R6为ISP，接口IP地址均为公有地址，该设备只能配置IP地址，之后不能再对其进行任何配置；
2、R1-R5为局域网，私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24，请合理分配；
3、R1、R2、R4，各有两个环回IP地址；R5,R6各有一个环回地址；所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口；
4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址；
5、选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路；
6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回；
7、R6 telnet R5的公有地址时，实际登录到R1上；
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路；
三、实验思路
1.根据网段数并且简化路由再划分IP
2.配置DHCP服务，下发给主机IP
3.配置静态路由，使得内网全通
4.配置路由防止成环
5. 配置nat，使得公网与私网互通，
6.R6telentR5，实则登录R1
7.R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路，即修改优先级
四、实验步骤
1、配置IP地址
（1）R1：
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R1
[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad 192.168.1.5 30
[R1]interface LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33
[R1-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49
（2）R2：
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R2
[R2]int
[R2]interface g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R2]int LoopBack0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack0]int LoopBack1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28
（3）R3：
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R3
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.97 27
（4）R4：
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R4
[R4]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g 4/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]q
[R4]int Lo
[R4]int LoopBack0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack0]int LoopBack1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28
（5）R5：
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R5
[R5]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.0.0.5 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[R5]int LoopBack0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.161 30
[R5-LoopBack0]q
[R5]
（6）R6：
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R6
[R6]int g 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.1 24
[R6]int LoopBack0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.6 24
2、配置DHCP服务器
[R3]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[R3]ip pool aa
Info:It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[R3-ip-pool-aa]net
[R3-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27
[R3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[R3-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[R3-ip-pool-aa]int g 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
测试：
PC1
PC2
3、配置静态路由
R1：
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6
R2：
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10
R3：
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14
R4：
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4/30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32/27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32/27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64/27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96/27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160/27 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160/27 192.168.1.22
R5：
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1. 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
4、防止成环
R1：
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0
R2：
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0
R4：
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0
R5：
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 NULL 0
5、内网通信（测试）
6、外网通信
R1：
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
R2：
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
R3：
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
R4：
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22
R5：
[R5]acl 2000
R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000
测试：
7、R6 telent R5，实现登录R1
R1配置：
[R1]aaa
[R1-aaa]local-user haha
[R1-aaa]local-user haha password cipher 12345
[R1-aaa]local-user haha password cipher 12345 privilege level 15
[R1-aaa]local-user haha service-type telnet
[R1-aaa]q
[R1]user
[R1]user-in
[R1]user-interface vty 0 4
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[R1-ui-vty0-4]q
R5配置：
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 ins
ide 192.168.1.1 23
Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function fa
ilure.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y
测试：
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路
R4配置：
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
R5配置：
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Error: The route already exists.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
