Nginx详细配置(最佳实践)

Nginx简介

Nginx是一个开源的高性能Web服务器和反向代理服务器，以其稳定性、丰富的功能和低资源消耗而闻名。它支持 HTTP、HTTPS、SMTP、POP3 和 IMAP 协议，并特别优化了处理静态文件的能力。Nginx 还广泛应用于负载均衡、缓存和 SSL/TLS 终端代理。

常用命令

nginx -t              #检查配置文件是否有语法错误
nginx -s reload       #热加载，重新加载配置文件
nginx -s stop         #快速关闭
nginx -s quit         #等待工作进程处理完成后关闭

搭建Nginx服务器

详见：https://editor.csdn.net/md?articleId=139045940

默认配置

Nginx 安装目录下 nginx.conf

#   For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 4096;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {
        listen       80;
        listen       [::]:80;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

# Settings for a TLS enabled server.
#
#    server {
#        listen       443 ssl http2;
#        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2;
#        server_name  _;
#        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
#
#        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";
#        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";
#        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
#        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
#        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
#        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
#        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
#        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
#
#        error_page 404 /404.html;
#            location = /40x.html {
#        }
#
#        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#            location = /50x.html {
#        }
#    }

搭建web站点

在Nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d 创建配置文件 xx.conf ，例如：mng_web.conf

# 虚拟主机
server {
    listen 1888;   

    server_name test.com; # 浏览器访问域名
    
    # 路由
    location / {
        root /var/www/html/mng_web/dist; # 访问根目录
        index index.html;  # 入口文件
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
    }