解决axios发送post请求,springMVC接收不到数据问题

今天发现一个问题:

vue组件中无法正确接收并处理axios请求

这个问题已经困扰我好久了,在电脑面前坐了两天只能确定前端应该是正确的发送了请求,但发送请求后无法正确接受后端返回的数据。

问题:vue组件无法接受后端数据

错误代码如下:

axios.post("/simple_query",{
},this.simple_query_input).then(res=>{    
    console.log(res);
}).catch(err=>{
    console.log(err);
})
@RequestMapping(value = "/simple_query",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public cheName handleSimpleQuery(@RequestParam("simple_query_input") String simpleQueryInput) throws Exception {

}

网上找到也有类似未解决的:

Spring MVC的Controller里面使用了@RequestParam注解来接收参数,但是只在GET请求的时候才能正常访问,在使用POST请求的时候会产生找不到参数的异常。原本好好的POST请求开始报400错误,找不到REST服务,一般情况下报这种错误多是由于POST请求时传递的参数不一致,但是这次不存在这种问题,百思不得其解啊。。。

还有这个:axios发送post请求,springMVC接收不到数据问题

@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST, value = "/test")
@ResponseBody
public ResponseEntity testDelete(@RequestParam("id") Integer id)
        throws Exception {
    return ResponseEntity.ok();
}

代码中是规定了请求方式POST,使用@RequestParam接收id参数。

然后前台请求参数也对,是这个形式的{id:111},看起来没错啊,参数名完全一样,但是后台报错Required String parameter 'id' is not present,说id参数必须传过来。分析问题
虽然前端传递的参数形式为{id: 111},看起来id的参数名确实是一样的,但是这个参数是作为请求的body而非作为普通参数或query parameter传递的。因此无法直接使用@RequestParam注释接收它。

今天就俩解决一下吧:

SpringMVC@PathVariable@RequestBody、@RequestParam的使用场景以及对应的前端axios写法是什么呢?

一、@PathVariable

axios代码:

axios.post('http://localhost:8080/endpoint3/' + this.firstName + '/' + this.lastName)
.then(response => {
  console.log(response.data);
})
.catch(error => {
  console.error(error);
});	

SpringMvc的controller代码:

@PostMapping("/endpoint3/{firstName}/{lastName}")
@ResponseBody
public String endpoint2(@PathVariable("firstName") String firstName,  
         @PathVariable("lastName") String lastName) {
	// 处理请求逻辑
	return "Hello, " + firstName + " " + lastName;
}

二、@RequestBody

axios代码:

axios.post('http://localhost:8080/endpoint2', {firstName: this.firstName, lastName: this.lastName})
.then(response => {
  console.log(response.data);
})
.catch(error => {
  console.error(error);
});	

SpringMvc的controller代码:

@PostMapping("/endpoint2")
@ResponseBody
public String endpoint2(@RequestBody Map<String, Object> requestBody) {
	String firstName = Objects.toString(requestBody.get("firstName"));
	String lastName = Objects.toString(requestBody.get("lastName"));
	// 处理请求逻辑
	return "Hello, " + firstName + " " + lastName;
}

三、@RequestParam

axios代码:

const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('firstName', this.firstName);
formData.append('lastName', this.lastName);
axios.post('http://localhost:8080/endpoint1', formData)
.then(response => {
  console.log(response.data);
})
.catch(error => {
  console.error(error);
});	

SpringMvc的controller代码:

@PostMapping("/endpoint1")
public String handlePostRequest(@RequestParam("firstName") String firstName,
		@RequestParam("lastName") String lastName) {
	// 处理请求逻辑
	return "Hello, " + firstName + " " + lastName;
}

前台完整代码:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/vue/2.7.0/vue.min.js"></script>
	<script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/axios/1.6.8/axios.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
	<div id="app">
		
	</div>
	<script>
			new Vue({
			  el: '#app',
			  data () {
				return {
				  firstName: "John",
				  lastName: "Doe"
				}
			  },
			  mounted () {
				  const formData = new FormData();
				  formData.append('firstName', this.firstName);
				  formData.append('lastName', this.lastName);
				  axios.post('http://localhost:8080/endpoint1', formData)
					.then(response => {
					  console.log(response.data);
					})
					.catch(error => {
					  console.error(error);
					});	

					axios.post('http://localhost:8080/endpoint2', {firstName: this.firstName, lastName: this.lastName})
					.then(response => {
					  console.log(response.data);
					})
					.catch(error => {
					  console.error(error);
					});	

					axios.post('http://localhost:8080/endpoint3/' + this.firstName + '/' + this.lastName)
					.then(response => {
					  console.log(response.data);
					})
					.catch(error => {
					  console.error(error);
					});	

			  }
			})
	</script>

</body>

后台核心代码:

@RestController
@CrossOrigin
public class MySpringMvcController {
	
	@PostMapping("/endpoint1")
	public String handlePostRequest(@RequestParam("firstName") String firstName,
			@RequestParam("lastName") String lastName) {
		// 处理请求逻辑
		return "Hello, " + firstName + " " + lastName;
	}
	
	@PostMapping("/endpoint2")
	@ResponseBody
	public String endpoint2(@RequestBody Map<String, Object> requestBody) {
		String firstName = Objects.toString(requestBody.get("firstName"));
		String lastName = Objects.toString(requestBody.get("lastName"));
		// 处理请求逻辑
		return "Hello, " + firstName + " " + lastName;
	}
	
	@PostMapping("/endpoint3/{firstName}/{lastName}")
	@ResponseBody
	public String endpoint2(@PathVariable("firstName") String firstName,  
	         @PathVariable("lastName") String lastName) {
		// 处理请求逻辑
		return "Hello, " + firstName + " " + lastName;
	}

}

  问题来源:

vue组件中无法正确接收并处理axios请求_前端-CSDN问答

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