docker 搭建lnmp环境

2024-04-29 08:54:03
开发
12

一、环境准备

1. 项目环境

公司在实际的生产环境中，需要使用 Docker 技术在一台主机上创建 LNMP 服务并运行 Wordpress 网站平台。然后对此服务进行相关的性能调优和管理工作。

准备所有安装包：

mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz

2. 服务器环境

容器操作系统 IP地址主要软件
nginx CentOS 7 172.18.0.10 Docker-Nginx
mysql CentOS 7 172.18.0.20 Docker-Mysql
php CentOS 7 172.18.0.30 Docker-php

3.任务需求

使用 Docker 构建 LNMP 环境并运行 Wordpress 网站平台
限制 Nginx 容器最多使用 500MB 的内存和 1G 的 Swap
限制 Mysql 容器写 /dev/sda 的速率为 10 MB/s
将所有容器进行快照，然后将 Docker 镜像打包成 tar 包备份到本地

二、Linux 系统基础镜像

docker pull centos:7

下载基础镜像

三、Nginx

1. 建立工作目录

mkdir /opt/nginx

cd /opt/nginx

2. 编写 Dockerfile 脚本

vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is nginx image <lnmp>
RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.18.0
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module;make -j 4 && make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
ADD wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz /usr/local/nginx/html
RUN chmod 777 -R /usr/local/nginx/html/
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
VOLUME [ "/usr/local/nginx/html/" ]
CMD [ "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;" ]

3. 准备 nginx.conf 配置文件

[root@docker nginx]# ls
Dockerfile  nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz  nginx.conf  wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz

[root@docker nginx]# egrep -v "^(.)*#(.)*$" nginx.conf | grep -v "^$"
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        charset utf-8;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.php;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   172.18.0.30:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
}

4. 生成镜像

 docker build -t nginx:lnmp .

docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx        lnmp      35a6404fcfa1   5 seconds ago   522MB
centos       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   4 weeks ago     204MB

5. 创建自定义网络

docker network create --subnet=172.18.0.0/16 --opt "com.docker.network.bridge.name"="docker1" mynetwork


docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME        DRIVER    SCOPE
dd7a55d01f86   bridge      bridge    local
63ddf1e359e9   host        host      local
0cbe1bd0bd78   mynetwork   bridge    local
a4b66a8a6cd2   none        null      local


ifconfig docker1
docker1: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.18.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.18.255.255
        ether 02:42:4a:c3:31:e7  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

6. 启动镜像容器

docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 -m 500m --memory-swap 1g --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.10 nginx:lnmp

7. 验证 nginx

curl http://192.168.80.11:80

四、Mysql

1. 建立工作目录

mkdir /opt/mysql

cd /opt/mysql/

2. 编写 Dockerfile

vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is mysql image <wwk>
RUN yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1;make -j 4;make install
ADD my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
EXPOSE 3306
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/;chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/bin/
RUN ./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data;cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/;systemctl enable mysqld
ENV PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
VOLUME ["/usr/local/mysql"]
CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]

3. 准备 my.cnf 文件

vim my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
 
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

4. 准备安装包

[root@localhost mysql]#ls
Dockerfile  my.cnf  mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

5. 生成镜像

docker build -t mysql:lnmp .

6.启动镜像容器

docker run --name=mysql -d --privileged --device-write-bps /dev/sda:10M -v /usr/local/mysql --net mynetwork --ip 172.20.0.20 mysql:lnmp

7. 验证 mysql

docker exec -it mysql bash

systemctl status mysqld

五、PHP

1. 建立工作目录

mkdir /opt/php

cd /opt/php

2.编写 Dockerfile 脚本

vim Dockerfile

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER this is php image <lnmp>
RUN yum install -y gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10
RUN ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip ; make -j 4 ; make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
ADD php.ini /usr/local/php/lib/
ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
EXPOSE 9000
CMD /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -F

3. 准备 php.ini、php-fpm.conf、www.conf 配置文件

3.1 php.ini

该配置文件模板位于安装目录的 php-7.1.10/php.ini-development 位置

[root@docker php]# vim php.ini
 
#939行,取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
#1170行,修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

3.2 php-fpm.conf

该配置文件位于 /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default

[root@docker php]# vim php-fpm.conf 
 
#17行，删除注释符号“;”
pid = run/php-fpm.pid



[root@docker php]# egrep -v "^;" php-fpm.conf | egrep -v "^$"
[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
include=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf

3.3 www.conf
该配置文件位于 usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default

[root@docker php]# vim www.conf 
 
#23、24行，修改用户和组
user = nginx
group = nginx
#36行，修改监听IP和端口为容器IP:9000端口
listen = 172.18.0.30:9000


[root@docker php]# egrep -v "^;" www.conf | egrep -v "^$"
[www]
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = 172.18.0.30:9000
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3

4. 生成镜像

docker build -t php:lnmp .

5. 启动镜像容器

docker run -itd --name php --net mynetwork --ip 172.18.0.30 -p 9000:9000 --volumes-from nginx --volumes-from mysql php:lnmp

6. 验证 php

[root@localhost php]#docker exec -it php bash
[root@ddba4d47ee41 php-7.1.10]# ps -aux
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root          1  0.0  0.0 113028  7624 ?        Ss   06:29   0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nginx        12  0.0  0.4 227344 36648 ?        S    06:42   0:01 php-fpm: pool www
nginx        22  0.0  0.4 137304 31336 ?        S    06:42   0:01 php-fpm: pool www
nginx        28  0.0  0.3 136960 30560 ?        S    06:42   0:00 php-fpm: pool www
root         54  0.4  0.0  11828  1888 pts/0    Ss   07:53   0:00 bash
root         69  0.0  0.0  51732  1724 pts/0    R+   07:53   0:00 ps -aux

六、启动 wordpress 服务

1. mysql 授权

进入 mysql 容器

[root@localhost php]#docker exec -it mysql bash
[root@d3aa48eb8074 bin]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
#初始密码为空，直接回车


create database wordpress;
grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by '123456';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;

2. 浏览器访问测试

访问 http://192.168.80.11/wordpress/index.php

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