程序设计——单词的统计和替换

题目描述

【难度系数】4 级

【任务描述】 对任意一篇英文文章，统计其中每个单词分别出现了多少次，并可替换指定的单词。

【功能要求】

⑴ 英文文章以文件形式输入。

⑵ 统计的结果保存到文件。

⑶ 对单词进行替换时，允许用户选择全部替换或逐个替换。替换完成后，将文章保存到文件。

代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
//定义最大单词长度
#define MAX_WORDS 1000
#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 50
#define MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH 100
//定义结构体存储文件
typedef struct
{
    char word[MAX_WORD_LENGTH];
    int count;
} WordCount;
//统计单词
void countWords(FILE* file, WordCount* wordCounts, int* numWords)
{
    char word[MAX_WORD_LENGTH];
    char ch;
    int wordStart = 0;
    int i, j;

    *numWords = 0;

    while ((ch = fgetc(file)) != EOF)
    {
        if ((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z'))
        {
            //大写转小写
            word[wordStart++] = tolower(ch);
        }
        else
        {
            //单词末尾
                word[wordStart] = 0;

                int found = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < *numWords; i++)
                {
                    if (strcmp(word, wordCounts[i].word) == 0)
                    {
                        found = 1;
                        wordCounts[i].count++;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if (!found)
                {
                    if (*numWords < MAX_WORDS)
                    {
                        strcpy(wordCounts[*numWords].word, word);
                        wordCounts[*numWords].count = 1;
                        (*numWords)++;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        printf("非法，超过单词的最大限制\n");
                        return;
                    }
                }

                wordStart = 0;
            }
        }
    }
//写入单词个数到文件中
void writeWordCountsToFile(FILE* file, WordCount* wordCounts, int numWords)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < numWords; i++) {
        fprintf(file, "%s: %d\n", wordCounts[i].word, wordCounts[i].count);
    }
}
//逐个替换
void replaceOneOccurrenceInFile(const char* fileName, const char* oldWord, const char* newWord) {
    FILE* file = fopen(fileName, "r");
    if (file == NULL) {
        printf("无法打开文件\n");
        return;
    }

    FILE* tempFile = fopen("passage_div.txt", "w");
    if (tempFile == NULL) {
        printf("无法打开文件\n");
        fclose(file);
        return;
    }

    char word[MAX_WORD_LENGTH];
    int wordStart = 0;
    char ch,choice;
    int occurrenceCount = 1;
    int count=1;

    while ((ch = fgetc(file)) != EOF) {
        if ((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')) {
            word[wordStart++] = tolower(ch);
        } else {
            if (wordStart > 0) {
                word[wordStart] = '\0';
                if (strcmp(word, oldWord) == 0) {
                    printf("你需要将第%d个'%s'替换掉吗？(y/n)\n",count,oldWord);
                    scanf(" %c",&choice);
                    if (choice=='y'||choice=='Y') {
                        printf("第 %d 个原来的 '%s' 换成 '%s'.\n", count, oldWord, newWord);
                        fputs(newWord, tempFile);
                        occurrenceCount++;
                    }else{
                        fputs(word, tempFile);
                    }
                    count++;
                } else {
                    fputs(word, tempFile);
                }
                fputc(ch, tempFile);
                wordStart = 0;
            } else {
                fputc(ch, tempFile);
            }
        }
    }

    fclose(file);
    fclose(tempFile);
    if(occurrenceCount==0){
        printf("替换失败，原因：无替换的内容\n");
    }else{
        printf("替换成功, %d 个当前的 '%s' 替换成 '%s'.\n", occurrenceCount-1, oldWord, newWord);
    }

    remove(fileName);
    rename("passage_div.txt", fileName);

}
//替换所有单词
void replaceAllOccurrences(char* text, char* oldWord, char* newWord)
{
    char* occurrence;

    while ((occurrence = strstr(text, oldWord)))
    {
        memmove(occurrence + strlen(newWord), occurrence + strlen(oldWord), strlen(occurrence + strlen(oldWord)) + 1);
        strncpy(occurrence, newWord, strlen(newWord));
    }
}
//核心进程（包含界面调用与函数带调用）
void coreprogress(int kk)
{
    char fileName[MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH];
    char oldWord[MAX_WORD_LENGTH];
    char newWord[MAX_WORD_LENGTH];
    FILE* file;
    WordCount wordCounts[MAX_WORDS];
    int numWords;
    strcpy(fileName,"passage.txt");
    file = fopen(fileName, "r");
    if (file == NULL)
    {
        printf("无法打开文件\n");
        return;
    }
    if(kk==0)
    {
        FILE *fl= fopen("wordcount.txt","w");
        if(fl==NULL)
        {
            printf("无法打开文件\n");
            return;
        }
        // 计算单词个数
        countWords(file, wordCounts, &numWords);
        fclose(file);

        // 输出单词个数（控制板）
        printf("单词个数:\n");
        for (int i = 0; i < numWords; i++)
        {
            printf("%s: %d\n", wordCounts[i].word, wordCounts[i].count);
        }

        //输出单词个数（文件）
        fprintf(fl,"单词个数\n");
        for (int i = 0; i < numWords; i++)
        {
            if(wordCounts[i].word[0]!=' '){
                fprintf(fl,"%s: %d\n", wordCounts[i].word, wordCounts[i].count);
            }
        }
        fclose(fl);
    }
    if (kk==1)
    {
        // 替换单词
        printf("输入需要替换的单词: ");
        scanf("%s", oldWord);
        printf("输入新的单词：");
        scanf("%s", newWord);

        printf("确认替换所有单词吗？(y/n): ");
        char replaceAll;
        scanf(" %c", &replaceAll);

        if (replaceAll == 'y' || replaceAll == 'Y')
        {
            file = fopen(fileName, "r");
            if (file == NULL)
            {
                printf("无法打开文件\n");
                return;
            }

            // 读入所有文件存入text中
            fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
            long fileSize = ftell(file);
            fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);

            char *text = (char *) malloc(fileSize + 1);
            fread(text, 1, fileSize, file);
            text[fileSize] = '\0';

            fclose(file);

            // 全部替换
            replaceAllOccurrences(text, oldWord, newWord);

            file = fopen(fileName, "w");
            if (file == NULL) {
                printf("无法打开文件\n");
                return;
            }

            // 写出文件
            fwrite(text, 1, strlen(text), file);
            fclose(file);

            free(text);
            puts("替换成功");
        }
        else
        {
            //逐个替换功能
            replaceOneOccurrenceInFile(fileName, oldWord, newWord);

            puts("替换成功");
        }

    }
}
//开始界面
void startui()
{
    printf("\t\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t|       欢迎使用单词查找替换系统      |\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t|       0.统计单词个数                |\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t|       1.单词替换                |\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t|       2.退出系统                |\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t-----------------------------------\n");
    printf("\t\t\t\t请选择功能: ");
    int n;
    scanf("%d",&n);
    getchar();
    switch (n)
    {
        case 0:
            coreprogress(0);
            break;
        case 1:
            coreprogress(1);
            break;
        case 2:
            puts("欢迎下次再来");
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
}
//主函数
int main()
{
    startui();
    return 0;
}