gtest是Google的一套用于编写C++测试的框架，可以运行在很多平台上（包括Linux、Mac OS X、Windows、Cygwin等等）。基于xUnit架构。支持很多好用的特性，包括自动识别测试、丰富的断言、断言自定义、死亡测试、非终止的失败、生成XML报告等等。
1.gtest优点
2.搭建测试框架
gtest下载地址： GitHub - google/googletest: GoogleTest - Google Testing and Mocking Framework
下载方法是：git clone GitHub - google/googletest: GoogleTest - Google Testing and Mocking Framework
安装方法是：
$ cd googletest
注意：如果在make 过程中报错，可在CMakeLists.txt 中增加如下行，再执行下面的命令: SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11")
$ cmake .
$ make
然后在lib目录下会生成：libgmock.a libgmock_main.a libgtest.a libgtest_main.a
最后我们再sudo make install。
测试demo
目录结构:
要测试的两个函数如下:
simple1.cc
#include "sample1.h"
// Returns n! (the factorial of n). For negative n, n! is defined to be 1.
int Factorial(int n) {
int result = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
result *= i;
}
return result;
}
// Returns true iff n is a prime number.
bool IsPrime(int n) {
// Trivial case 1: small numbers
if (n <= 1) return false;
// Trivial case 2: even numbers
if (n % 2 == 0) return n == 2;
// Now, we have that n is odd and n >= 3.
// Try to divide n by every odd number i, starting from 3
for (int i = 3; ; i += 2) {
// We only have to try i up to the square root of n
if (i > n/i) break;
// Now, we have i <= n/i < n.
// If n is divisible by i, n is not prime.
if (n % i == 0) return false;
}
// n has no integer factor in the range (1, n), and thus is prime.
return true;
}头文件sample.h
#ifndef GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
#define GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
// Returns n! (the factorial of n). For negative n, n! is defined to be 1.
int Factorial(int n);
// Returns true iff n is a prime number.
bool IsPrime(int n);
#endif 编写测试类
1.包含头文件gtest/gtest.h、limits.h（最大int和最小int）
2.格式
TEST(测试套名,测试用例名)
{
//EXPECT_XX
}一个测试套下可以有多个测试用例
eg:
simple_unittest.cc
#include <limits.h>//包含最大最小数
#include "sample1.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"//gtest头文件
namespace {
TEST(FactorialTest, Negative) {
// 测试名叫Negative,属于FactorialTest测试套
// 测试用例
EXPECT_EQ(1, Factorial(-5));//断言相等
EXPECT_EQ(1, Factorial(-1));
//前后顺序不影响
EXPECT_GT(Factorial(-10), 0);//断言大于
}
TEST(FactorialTest, Zero) {
EXPECT_EQ(1, Factorial(0));
}
TEST(FactorialTest, Positive) {
EXPECT_EQ(1, Factorial(1));
EXPECT_EQ(2, Factorial(2));
EXPECT_EQ(6, Factorial(3));
EXPECT_EQ(40320, Factorial(8));
}
// Tests IsPrime() 测试是否是素数
TEST(IsPrimeTest, Negative) {
//预测 true or false
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(-1));
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(-2));
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(INT_MIN));
}
TEST(IsPrimeTest, Trivial) {
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(0));
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(1));
EXPECT_TRUE(IsPrime(2));
EXPECT_TRUE(IsPrime(3));
}
TEST(IsPrimeTest, Positive) {
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(4));
EXPECT_TRUE(IsPrime(5));
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(6));
EXPECT_TRUE(IsPrime(23));
}
} // namespace进行测试
不带main
实现测试的main函数，当然我们也可以不用写main函数，那就需要连接gtest_main.a这个库(编译时添加-lgtest_main选项)。比如这样子编译：
g++ sample1.cc sample1_unittest.cc -lgtest -std=c++14 -lgtest_main -lpthread -o test1
执行结果:
带main
固定写法，将main补充在最后面
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc,argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
完整测试.cc:
#include <limits.h>//包含最大最小数
#include "sample1.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"//gtest头文件
namespace {
TEST(FactorialTest, Negative) {
// 测试名叫Negative,属于FactorialTest测试套
// 测试用例
EXPECT_EQ(1, Factorial(-5));//断言相等
EXPECT_EQ(1, Factorial(-1));
//前后顺序不影响
EXPECT_GT(Factorial(-10), 0);//断言大于
}
TEST(FactorialTest, Zero) {
EXPECT_EQ(1, Factorial(0));
}
TEST(FactorialTest, Positive) {
EXPECT_EQ(1, Factorial(1));
EXPECT_EQ(2, Factorial(2));
EXPECT_EQ(6, Factorial(3));
EXPECT_EQ(40320, Factorial(8));
}
// Tests IsPrime() 测试是否是素数
TEST(IsPrimeTest, Negative) {
//预测 true or false
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(-1));
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(-2));
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(INT_MIN));
}
TEST(IsPrimeTest, Trivial) {
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(0));
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(1));
EXPECT_TRUE(IsPrime(2));
EXPECT_TRUE(IsPrime(3));
}
TEST(IsPrimeTest, Positive) {
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(4));
EXPECT_TRUE(IsPrime(5));
EXPECT_FALSE(IsPrime(6));
EXPECT_TRUE(IsPrime(23));
}
} // namespace
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc,argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}
编译时去掉-lgtest_main选项：
