Rust Web 历程
Rust 的异步框架tokio非他莫属，而web框架一直是悬而未决，说到底还是因为没有官方成熟的方案指引，大家各玩各的，互不兼容，白白浪费精力。
这个事情一直等到半官方组织tokio推出axum有了改善。但是市场上仍然乱七八糟，具体细节可以参考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/398232138
现在相对靠谱的发展方向参考如下图：
但是 tower和tower-http这2个项目比较奇葩，sample和docment严重缺少，所以建议做如下研究：
- tokio
- axum
- tonic
- sqlx
axum 简单demo
这个框架也不是特别成熟，在multipart有大坑!
注意仔细参考我的代码!
use axum::{extract::{DefaultBodyLimit, Form, Multipart, Path, Query}, http::{Method, StatusCode}, response::{Html, IntoResponse}, routing::{get, post}, Json, Router};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() {
let routes = Router::new()
.route("/", get(page_index))
.route("/hello", get(|| async {
println!("{:<12} - hello", "HANDLER");
Html("hello world!")
}))
.route("/user", post(page_user))
.route("/user2", get(page_user2))
.route("/user3/:username", get(page_user3))
.route("/form", get(form_get).post(form_post))
// 复杂的提取，需要参考 https://docs.rs/axum/latest/axum/extract/index.html
.route("/form2", get(form_get_file).post(form_post_file).layer(DefaultBodyLimit::disable()))
;
let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind("0.0.0.0:8080").await.unwrap();
println!("Server listen on: {:?}", listener.local_addr());
axum::serve(listener, routes).await.unwrap();
}
#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
struct ReqUser {
username: String,
}
#[derive(Serialize, Debug,Deserialize)]
struct RespUser {
id: u64,
username: String,
}
async fn page_index() -> &'static str{
"welcome to axum based on tokio!"
}
// e.g.: Post /user Body: {"username": "xxxx"}
async fn page_user(
Json(req): Json<ReqUser>,
) -> (StatusCode, Json<RespUser>) {
println!("{:<12} - page_user - {req:?}", "HANDLER");
let user = RespUser {
id: 1337,
username: req.username,
};
(StatusCode::OK, Json(user))
}
// e.g.: GET /user2?username=abc
async fn page_user2(
Query(req) : Query<ReqUser>
) -> impl IntoResponse {
println!("{:<12} - page_user2 - {req:?}", "HANDLER");
let user = RespUser {
id: 1338,
username: req.username,
};
Html(format!("{user:?}"))
}
// e.g.: GET /user3/username
async fn page_user3(
Path(req_name) : Path<String>
) -> impl IntoResponse {
println!("{:<12} - page_user3 - {req_name:?}", "HANDLER");
let user = RespUser {
id: 1339,
username: req_name,
};
Html(format!("{user:?}"))
}
async fn form_get() -> Html<&'static str> {
Html(
r#"
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>form test</head>
<body>
<h2> normal form </h2>
<form action="/form" method="post">
<label for="username">
Enter your name:
<input type="text" name="username">
</label><br>
<label>
Enter your id:
<input type="text" name="id">
</label><br>
<input type="submit" value="Ok">
</form>
</body>
</html>
"#,
)
}
async fn form_get_file() -> Html<&'static str> {
Html(
r#"
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>form test</head>
<body>
<h2> normal form </h2>
<form action="/form2" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<label>
Enter your id:
<input type="text" name="id">
</label><br>
<label>
Upload file:
<input type="file" name="myfile" multiple>
</label><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload files">
</form>
</body>
</html>
"#,
)
}
// 支持多个提取器
async fn form_post(
_method: Method,
Form(user): Form<RespUser>
) -> String {
//dbg!(&user);
format!("{user:?}")
}
// body 部分只支持一种，不冲突的支持多种
// Form与Multipart冲突，保留multipart
async fn form_post_file(
_method: Method,
mut multipart: Multipart,
) -> String {
while let Some(field) = multipart.next_field().await.unwrap() {
let name = field.name().unwrap().to_string();
if name == "myfile" {
let file_name = field.file_name().unwrap().to_string();
let content_type = field.content_type().unwrap().to_string();
let data = field.bytes().await.unwrap();
println!("form upload [{name}] = {file_name}, data len: {}, type: {content_type}",data.len());
}else{
let val = field.text().await.unwrap();
println!("form field [{name}] = {val}");
}
}
format!("{_method:?}")
}
