docker启动mysql并映射数据目录、含备份脚本

一、在docker里跑mysql 5.7

docker run -p 13306:3306 --name mysql --restart=always --privileged=true \
-v /data/docker/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /data/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /data/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
-d mysql:5.7

注释：

-- name mysql：指定docker容器名叫mysql，当然你可以改成其他的

--restart=always：总是跟随docker启动

--privileged=true：获取宿主机root权限

-v dir_1:dir_2：dir_1指的是宿主机的目录，可以不存在，docker会自动创建，dir_2位容器里面的目录，必须存在，否则容器无法启动

-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：指定mysql环境变量，root用户的密码为123456

二、登录容器后再登录容器里的mysql

[root@localhost mysql_data_backup]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
bash-4.2# mysql -uroot -p123456

三、在容器数据库里创建数据库和表

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS kahnDB DEFAULT CHARSET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
use kahnDB;
create table student(num int(10) not null unique primary key,name varchar(20) not null,gender varchar(20) not null,birthday datetime,address varchar(50));
insert into student (num,name,gender,birthday,address) VALUES (1,'serena','woman','2000-12-31','shanghai');
insert into student (num,name,gender,birthday,address) VALUES (2,'kahn','nan','2000-01-29','huaian');

四、备份容器中的mysql数据库

#!/usr/bin/env bash


docker_name="mysql"
backup_dir="/data/docker/mysql/mysql_data_backup"
db_name="kahnDB"
db_password="123456"
xtime=`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S_%5N`
docker exec -i ${docker_name} mysqldump -uroot -p${db_password} ${db_name} > ${backup_dir}/${db_name}_${xtime}.sql

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