R语言【dplyr】——使用 relocate() 更改列的位置，其语法与 select() 相同，便于一次移动多个列块

Package dplyr version 1.1.4

Parameters

relocate(.data, ..., .before = NULL, .after = NULL)

参数【.data】：数据集、数据集扩展（如 tibble）或 lazy data frames（如来自 dbplyr 或 dtplyr 的数据集）。

参数【...】：<tidy-select> 要移动的列。

参数【.before，.after】：<tidy-select> 通过参数【...】选择的列的目的地。两者都不提供会将列移动到左侧；同时指定两者则会出错。

Value

与参数【.data】类型相同的对象。输出具有以下属性：

• 行不会受到影响。
• 输出中会出现相同的列，但（通常）位置不同，可能还会重命名。
• 数据集属性保留不变。
• 分组不受影响。

Examples

1. relocate() 默认将列放到首列

df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      a     b     c d     e     f    
  <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1     1     1     1 a     a     a


df %>% relocate(f)

# A tibble: 1 × 6
  f         a     b     c d     e    
  <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
1 a         1     1     1 a     a 

2. relocate() 的参数【.after】将列放到该列后面

df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      a     b     c d     e     f    
  <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1     1     1     1 a     a     a


df %>% relocate(a, .after = c)

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      b     c     a d     e     f    
  <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1     1     1     1 a     a     a  


df %>% relocate(a, .after = last_col())

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      b     c d     e     f         a
  <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl>
1     1     1 a     a     a         1

3. relocate() 的参数【.before】将列放到该列前面

df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      a     b     c d     e     f    
  <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1     1     1     1 a     a     a


df %>% relocate(f, .before = b)

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      a f         b     c d     e    
  <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
1     1 a         1     1 a     a 

4. relocate() 在改变列的位置的同时，还可以重命名列名

df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      a     b     c d     e     f    
  <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1     1     1     1 a     a     a


df %>% relocate(ff = f)

# A tibble: 1 × 6
  ff        a     b     c d     e    
  <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
1 a         1     1     1 a     a   

5. relocate() 通过变量的类型选择列

df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      a     b     c d     e     f    
  <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1     1     1     1 a     a     a


df %>% relocate(where(is.character))

# A tibble: 1 × 6
  d     e     f         a     b     c
  <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 a     a     a         1     1     1


df %>% relocate(where(is.numeric), .after = last_col())

# A tibble: 1 × 6
  d     e     f         a     b     c
  <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 a     a     a         1     1     1

6. relocate() 通过其他的选择方法挑选列

df <- tibble(a = 1, b = 1, c = 1, d = "a", e = "a", f = "a")
df

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      a     b     c d     e     f    
  <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr>
1     1     1     1 a     a     a


df %>% relocate(any_of(c("a", "e", "i", "o", "u")))

# A tibble: 1 × 6
      a e         b     c d     f    
  <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
1     1 a         1     1 a     a  

7. 在调动多列的同时使用了参数【.after，.before】，列会立即排在选择列的前/后

df2 <- tibble(a = 1, b = "a", c = 1, d = "a")
df2

# A tibble: 1 × 4
      a b         c d    
  <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <chr>
1     1 a         1 a   


df2 %>% relocate(where(is.numeric), .after = where(is.character))

# A tibble: 1 × 4
  b     d         a     c
  <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
1 a     a         1     1


df2 %>% relocate(where(is.numeric), .before = where(is.character))

# A tibble: 1 × 4
      a     c b     d    
  <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
1     1     1 a     a